Marialuisa Perrotta1, Giuseppe Lembo1,2, Daniela Carnevale3,4. 1. Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy. 2. Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy. 3. Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy. daniela.carnevale@uniroma1.it. 4. Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy. daniela.carnevale@uniroma1.it.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hypertension still represents a huge health problem, causing death and disability and rising at epidemic levels worldwide. The availability of a vast array of antihypertensive therapeutic strategies still fails to adequately treat significant fractions of refractory patients. The possible explanation to this disappointing evidence should be ascribed to the fact that myriad of mechanisms contribute to onset and maintenance of hypertension. Although we have been able to develop strategies aimed at counteracting the single mechanisms identified as master regulators of blood pressure, we still lack strategies capable to approach at the complex interactions established among the different pathophysiological mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS: One of the most intriguing pathophysiological interactions in hypertension emerged in the very last years is the one established between the autonomic nervous system and immunity. Here we briefly review the most important contributions revealing neural modulation of immunity in hypertension and how this novel concept is integrated in the already known multitude of regulations exerted by the autonomic nervous system in typical organs involved in blood pressure regulation.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hypertension still represents a huge health problem, causing death and disability and rising at epidemic levels worldwide. The availability of a vast array of antihypertensive therapeutic strategies still fails to adequately treat significant fractions of refractory patients. The possible explanation to this disappointing evidence should be ascribed to the fact that myriad of mechanisms contribute to onset and maintenance of hypertension. Although we have been able to develop strategies aimed at counteracting the single mechanisms identified as master regulators of blood pressure, we still lack strategies capable to approach at the complex interactions established among the different pathophysiological mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS: One of the most intriguing pathophysiological interactions in hypertension emerged in the very last years is the one established between the autonomic nervous system and immunity. Here we briefly review the most important contributions revealing neural modulation of immunity in hypertension and how this novel concept is integrated in the already known multitude of regulations exerted by the autonomic nervous system in typical organs involved in blood pressure regulation.
Authors: Christopher T Banek; Mark M Knuepfer; Jason D Foss; Jessica K Fiege; Ninitha Asirvatham-Jeyaraj; Dusty Van Helden; Yoji Shimizu; John W Osborn Journal: Hypertension Date: 2016-10-03 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: José R Banegas; Luis M Ruilope; Alejandro de la Sierra; Juan J de la Cruz; Manuel Gorostidi; Julián Segura; Nieves Martell; Juan García-Puig; John Deanfield; Bryan Williams Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2014-02-03 Impact factor: 29.983