BACKGROUND: Magnesium (Mg) is an essential cation for multiple processes in the body. The kidney plays a major role in regulating the Mg balance. In a healthy individual, total-body Mg content is kept constant by interactions among intestine, bones and the kidneys. SUMMARY: In case of chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal regulatory mechanisms may be insufficient to balance intestinal Mg absorption. Usually Mg remains normal; however, when glomerular filtration rate declines, changes in serum Mg are observed. Patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis are largely dependent on the dialysate Mg concentration for maintaining serum Mg and Mg homeostasis. A low Mg is associated with several complications such as hypertension, and vascular calcification, and also associated with an increased risk for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD mortality. Severe hypermagnesaemia is known to cause cardiac conduction defects, neuromuscular effects and muscle weakness; a slightly elevated Mg has been suggested to be beneficial in patients with end-stage renal disease. Key Messages: The role of both low and high Mg, in general, but especially in relation to CKD and dialysis patients is discussed.
BACKGROUND:Magnesium (Mg) is an essential cation for multiple processes in the body. The kidney plays a major role in regulating the Mg balance. In a healthy individual, total-body Mg content is kept constant by interactions among intestine, bones and the kidneys. SUMMARY: In case of chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal regulatory mechanisms may be insufficient to balance intestinal Mg absorption. Usually Mg remains normal; however, when glomerular filtration rate declines, changes in serum Mg are observed. Patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis are largely dependent on the dialysate Mg concentration for maintaining serum Mg and Mg homeostasis. A low Mg is associated with several complications such as hypertension, and vascular calcification, and also associated with an increased risk for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD mortality. Severe hypermagnesaemia is known to cause cardiac conduction defects, neuromuscular effects and muscle weakness; a slightly elevated Mg has been suggested to be beneficial in patients with end-stage renal disease. Key Messages: The role of both low and high Mg, in general, but especially in relation to CKD and dialysis patients is discussed.
Authors: Luca Zanoli; Paolo Lentini; Marie Briet; Pietro Castellino; Andrew A House; Gerard M London; Lorenzo Malatino; Peter A McCullough; Dimitri P Mikhailidis; Pierre Boutouyrie Journal: J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2019-04-30 Impact factor: 10.121
Authors: Akshay Varghese; Eduardo Lacson; Jessica M Sontrop; Rey R Acedillo; Ahmed A Al-Jaishi; Sierra Anderson; Amit Bagga; Katie L Bain; Laura L Bennett; Clara Bohm; Pierre A Brown; Christopher T Chan; Brenden Cote; Varun Dev; Bonnie Field; Claire Harris; Shasikara Kalatharan; Mercedeh Kiaii; Amber O Molnar; Matthew J Oliver; Malvinder S Parmar; Melissa Schorr; Nikhil Shah; Samuel A Silver; D Michael Smith; Manish M Sood; Irina St Louis; Karthik K Tennankore; Stephanie Thompson; Marcello Tonelli; Hans Vorster; Blair Waldvogel; James Zacharias; Amit X Garg Journal: Can J Kidney Health Dis Date: 2020-10-22
Authors: Carmen Vida; Julia Carracedo; Patricia de Sequera; Guillermo Bodega; Rafael Pérez; Matilde Alique; Rafael Ramírez Journal: Antioxidants (Basel) Date: 2020-04-15
Authors: Carmen Vida; Julia Carracedo; Patricia de Sequera; Guillermo Bodega; Rafael Pérez; Matilde Alique; Rafael Ramírez Journal: Clin Kidney J Date: 2020-08-30