Tanvi S Sharma1, Gabriel Somarriba2, Kristopher L Arheart3, Daniela Neri4, M Sunil Mathew5, Patricia L Graham5, Gwendolyn B Scott6, Tracie L Miller5. 1. From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 2. Department of Clinical Education, University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences, St. Augustine, Florida. 3. Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. 4. Discipline of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 5. Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics. 6. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Combination antiretroviral therapy has allowed youth with perinatal HIV infection (PHIV+) to live into adulthood, but many youth may experience metabolic and body composition changes that predispose to greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This longitudinal study evaluated changes in body composition measured by dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry (DXA) in a cohort of PHIV+ youth compared with HIV- controls over a 7-year period. METHODS: PHIV+ youth and HIV- controls were prospectively enrolled in a single-site study to assess nutrition and CVD risk. Anthropometrics and DXA scans were longitudinally obtained to assess percent body fat and regional fat distribution. Using general linear models, we analyzed differences in body composition and anthropometric measures by sex between PHIV+ youth and controls over time. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty-five participants (156 PHIV+ and 79 HIV- controls) with at least 1 DXA performed since study enrollment were included for analysis. During the study period, 471 DXAs were obtained in the PHIV+ group and 95 in HIV- controls. PHIV+ females demonstrated greater increase in weight and body mass index over time compared with HIV- females, and significant increases in total percent body fat [estimate = 1.212 (95% confidence interval: 0.837-1.587) percent per year; P < 0.001) and percent trunk fat [1.3818 (95% confidence interval: 0.922-1.84); P < 0.001] compared with HIV- females and PHIV+ males. CONCLUSIONS: PHIV+ females demonstrate an unfavorable change in fat redistribution and percent body fat over time that exceeds the pattern seen in PHIV+ males or HIV- females. Providers should have heightened awareness of body composition changes of PHIV+ females that may eventually lead to increased CVD risk.
BACKGROUND: Combination antiretroviral therapy has allowed youth with perinatal HIV infection (PHIV+) to live into adulthood, but many youth may experience metabolic and body composition changes that predispose to greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This longitudinal study evaluated changes in body composition measured by dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry (DXA) in a cohort of PHIV+ youth compared with HIV- controls over a 7-year period. METHODS: PHIV+ youth and HIV- controls were prospectively enrolled in a single-site study to assess nutrition and CVD risk. Anthropometrics and DXA scans were longitudinally obtained to assess percent body fat and regional fat distribution. Using general linear models, we analyzed differences in body composition and anthropometric measures by sex between PHIV+ youth and controls over time. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty-five participants (156 PHIV+ and 79 HIV- controls) with at least 1 DXA performed since study enrollment were included for analysis. During the study period, 471 DXAs were obtained in the PHIV+ group and 95 in HIV- controls. PHIV+ females demonstrated greater increase in weight and body mass index over time compared with HIV- females, and significant increases in total percent body fat [estimate = 1.212 (95% confidence interval: 0.837-1.587) percent per year; P < 0.001) and percent trunk fat [1.3818 (95% confidence interval: 0.922-1.84); P < 0.001] compared with HIV- females and PHIV+ males. CONCLUSIONS: PHIV+ females demonstrate an unfavorable change in fat redistribution and percent body fat over time that exceeds the pattern seen in PHIV+ males or HIV- females. Providers should have heightened awareness of body composition changes of PHIV+ females that may eventually lead to increased CVD risk.
Authors: Denise L Jacobson; Kunjal Patel; George K Siberry; Russell B Van Dyke; Linda A DiMeglio; Mitchell E Geffner; Janet S Chen; Elizabeth J McFarland; William Borkowsky; Margarita Silio; Roger A Fielding; Suzanne Siminski; Tracie L Miller Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2011-11-02 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Rachel S Gross; Alan L Mendelsohn; Arthur H Fierman; Andrew D Racine; Mary Jo Messito Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2012-07-23 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Siobán D Harlow; Mardge Cohen; Suzanne E Ohmit; Paula Schuman; Susan Cu-Uvin; Xihong Lin; Ruth Greenblatt; Alejandra Gurtman; Ann Khalsa; Howard Minkoff; Mary A Young; Robert S Klein Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2003-04 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Tanvi S Sharma; Daniel D Kinnamon; Christopher Duggan; Geoffrey A Weinberg; Lauren Furuta; Lori Bechard; Jeanne Nicchitta; Sherwood L Gorbach; Tracie L Miller Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2008-08 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Nina Friis-Møller; Peter Reiss; Caroline A Sabin; Rainer Weber; Antonella d'Arminio Monforte; Wafaa El-Sadr; Rodolphe Thiébaut; Stephane De Wit; Ole Kirk; Eric Fontas; Matthew G Law; Andrew Phillips; Jens D Lundgren Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2007-04-26 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Julie A Womack; Chung-Chou H Chang; Kaku A So-Armah; Charles Alcorn; Jason V Baker; Sheldon T Brown; Matthew Budoff; Adeel A Butt; Cynthia Gibert; Matthew Bidwell Goetz; John Gottdiener; Stephen Gottlieb; Amy C Justice; David Leaf; Kathleen McGinnis; David Rimland; Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas; Jason Sico; Melissa Skanderson; Hilary Tindle; Russell P Tracy; Alberta Warner; Matthew S Freiberg Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2014-10-16 Impact factor: 5.501
Authors: Neil Thivalapill; Tandzile Simelane; Nobuhle Mthethwa; Sandile Dlamini; Bhekumusa Lukhele; Velephi Okello; H Lester Kirchner; Anna M Mandalakas; Alexander W Kay Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2021-08-02 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Wei Li A Koay; Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo; Matthew E Levy; Paige Kulie; Anne Monroe; Amanda D Castel; Natella Y Rakhmanina Journal: Open Forum Infect Dis Date: 2021-07-01 Impact factor: 3.835