Pere Domingo1, José Miguel Gallego-Escuredo2, Irene Fernández3, Joan Villarroya3, Ferran Torres4, María Del Mar Gutierrez3, María Gracia Mateo3, Francesc Villarroya2, Francesc Vidal5, Marta Giralt2, Joan Carles Domingo2. 1. Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca del Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: pdomingo@santpau.cat. 2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain. 3. Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca del Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. 4. Biostatistics and Data Management Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Biostatistics Unit, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 5. Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Omega-3 fatty acids have the potential to decrease inflammation and modify gene transcription. Whether docosahexanoic acid (DHA) supplementation can modify systemic inflammatory and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression in HIV-infected patients is unknown. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 84 antiretroviral-treated patients who had fasting TG levels from 2.26 to 5.65 mmol/l and receivedDHA or placebo for 48 weeks was performed (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02005900). Systemic inflammatory and SAT gene expression was assessed at baseline and at week 48 in 39 patients. RESULTS: Patients receiving DHA had a 43.9% median decline in fasting TG levels at week 4 (IQR: -31% to -56%), compared with -2.9% (-18.6% to 16.5%) in the placebo group (P < 0.0001). High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and arachidonic acid levels significantly decreased in the DHA group. Adipogenesis-related and mitochondrial-related gene expression did not experience significant changes. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) significantly decreased in the placebo group. SAT inflammation-related gene expression (Tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1]) significantly decreased in the DHA group. CONCLUSIONS: DHA supplementation down-regulated inflammatory gene expression in SAT. DHA impact on markers of systemic inflammation was restricted to hsCRP and arachidonic acid.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Omega-3 fatty acids have the potential to decrease inflammation and modify gene transcription. Whether docosahexanoic acid (DHA) supplementation can modify systemic inflammatory and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression in HIV-infectedpatients is unknown. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 84 antiretroviral-treated patients who had fasting TG levels from 2.26 to 5.65 mmol/l and received DHA or placebo for 48 weeks was performed (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02005900). Systemic inflammatory and SAT gene expression was assessed at baseline and at week 48 in 39 patients. RESULTS:Patients receiving DHA had a 43.9% median decline in fasting TG levels at week 4 (IQR: -31% to -56%), compared with -2.9% (-18.6% to 16.5%) in the placebo group (P < 0.0001). High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and arachidonic acid levels significantly decreased in the DHA group. Adipogenesis-related and mitochondrial-related gene expression did not experience significant changes. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) significantly decreased in the placebo group. SAT inflammation-related gene expression (Tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1]) significantly decreased in the DHA group. CONCLUSIONS:DHA supplementation down-regulated inflammatory gene expression in SAT. DHA impact on markers of systemic inflammation was restricted to hsCRP and arachidonic acid.
Authors: Dominique Turck; Jacqueline Castenmiller; Stefaan De Henauw; Karen Ildico Hirsch-Ernst; John Kearney; Alexandre Maciuk; Inge Mangelsdorf; Harry J McArdle; Androniki Naska; Carmen Pelaez; Kristina Pentieva; Alfonso Siani; Frank Thies; Sophia Tsabouri; Marco Vinceti; Francesco Cubadda; Thomas Frenzel; Marina Heinonen; Rosangela Marchelli; Monika Neuhäuser-Berthold; Morten Poulsen; Miguel Prieto Maradona; Josef Rudolf Schlatter; Henk van Loveren; Emanuela Turla; Helle Katrine Knutsen Journal: EFSA J Date: 2021-01-19
Authors: Vicente Ávila-Gandía; Antonio Torregrosa-García; Antonio J Luque-Rubia; María Salud Abellán-Ruiz; Desirée Victoria-Montesinos; F Javier López-Román Journal: J Int Soc Sports Nutr Date: 2020-10-21 Impact factor: 5.150