Genetic basis for a mouse model of Down syndrome.

The Trisomy 16 (Ts16) mouse has been proposed as a model for Down Syndrome (DS) in humans, based on genetic homology between mouse chromosome 16 (MMU 16) and human chromosome 21 (HSA 21). Translocations of HSA 21 resulting in trisomy for only a portion of the genetic information contained on this chromosome can result in a DS phenotype. Thus, these translocations help to define a "DS region" of the chromosome. A number of genes from this DS region of HSA 21 have been mapped to MMU 16. Techniques for localizing genes on chromosomes have been used to identify the portion of MMU 16 which corresponds to the DS region of HSA 21. This region appears to be highly conserved between mouse and human, providing further support for a mouse model of DS.