Dipolar Interaction and Magneto-Viscoelasticity in Nanomagnetic Fluid.

We investigate the effect of dilution on dipolar interaction with linear and non-linear rheological properties of kerosene based magnetic fluid. The steady-state behavior demonstrate a shear thinning behavior and corroborated with a power law, (η = c <mml:math display="block"> <mml:mover accent="true"> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>˙</mml:mo> </mml:mover></mml:math>n + η∞) exponent, n ≤ 1. The shear-induced-breakup (separation) of nanoparticles and the yielding behavior has been explained by Bingham model. Moreover, the magnetoviscous effect showed an initial increase at low shear rate and decrease at higher shear rate. Further, specific viscosity (ηF)-versus-Mason number (Mn) shows a perfect scaling at lower Mn (≤10-4) confirming negligible thermal and colloidal forces. Whereas, at higher Mn (≥10-3) deviation from collapse indicates the dominance of Brownian forces acting on nanofluids. The magnetic field dependent elastic (G') and viscous (G″) modulus reveal a crossover from viscoelastic-to-viscous behavior of nanofluid at critical concentration. Finally, we compare viscoelastic results with De Gans diagonal scaling theory to correlate the functional dependence of storage and loss modules with different particle volume concentration.