Janice J C Cheung1, Shasha Liu2, Kenneth K W Li3,4. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital, 130 Hip Wo Street, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong. 3. Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital, 130 Hip Wo Street, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong. kennethli@rcsed.ac.uk. 4. Wu Ho Loo Ning Cataract Centre, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, 2 Po Ning Path, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong. kennethli@rcsed.ac.uk.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of patients are taking novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC) medication, making perioperative management in phacoemulsification surgery an important issue. This study reports the haemorrhagic complications of NOAC in phacoemulsification surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective case study over a 4-year period. METHODS: Consecutive cases receiving NOAC during the time of phacoemulsification were reviewed. Patients were either advised to continue medications (continued group) or withhold medications before surgery (withheld group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Details including patient demographics, preoperative assessment, postoperative outcome and intraoperative, postoperative and systemic complications were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 20,100 cases of phacoemulsification were performed. Of which, 66 cases were found to be on NOAC (0.33%). This included 66 eyes of 53 patients, with 42 continued and 24 withheld medications before surgery. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in demographics, cataract risk factors, baseline renal function, clotting profile, type of NOAC, incision size, phacoemulsification energy, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity. There was also no significant difference in intraoperative, postoperative and systemic complications (p = 1.00 and 0.53, Fischer's exact test). None of the patients in the continued group had postoperative complications; two cases in the withheld group receiving retrobulbar anaesthesia had bruising and subconjunctival haemorrhage after resumption of NOAC (p = 0.13, Fischer's exact test). CONCLUSION: The present study found no difference in haemorrhagic complications between cases continuing and withholding NOAC during phacoemulsification. Nevertheless, the potential risks and benefits to continue or withhold NOAC perioperatively should be carefully considered via a multidisciplinary approach.
INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of patients are taking novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC) medication, making perioperative management in phacoemulsification surgery an important issue. This study reports the haemorrhagic complications of NOAC in phacoemulsification surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective case study over a 4-year period. METHODS: Consecutive cases receiving NOAC during the time of phacoemulsification were reviewed. Patients were either advised to continue medications (continued group) or withhold medications before surgery (withheld group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Details including patient demographics, preoperative assessment, postoperative outcome and intraoperative, postoperative and systemic complications were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 20,100 cases of phacoemulsification were performed. Of which, 66 cases were found to be on NOAC (0.33%). This included 66 eyes of 53 patients, with 42 continued and 24 withheld medications before surgery. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in demographics, cataract risk factors, baseline renal function, clotting profile, type of NOAC, incision size, phacoemulsification energy, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity. There was also no significant difference in intraoperative, postoperative and systemic complications (p = 1.00 and 0.53, Fischer's exact test). None of the patients in the continued group had postoperative complications; two cases in the withheld group receiving retrobulbar anaesthesia had bruising and subconjunctival haemorrhage after resumption of NOAC (p = 0.13, Fischer's exact test). CONCLUSION: The present study found no difference in haemorrhagic complications between cases continuing and withholding NOAC during phacoemulsification. Nevertheless, the potential risks and benefits to continue or withhold NOAC perioperatively should be carefully considered via a multidisciplinary approach.
Authors: Oliver Zeitz; Laura Wernecke; Nicolas Feltgen; Christoph Sucker; Jürgen Koscielny; Thomas Dörner Journal: Ophthalmologe Date: 2021-07-19 Impact factor: 1.059