Tom Tørhaug1,2, Berit Brurok1,3, Jan Hoff1,4, Jan Helgerud4,5,6, Gunnar Leivseth2,7. 1. St. Olavs University Hospital, Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Spinal Cord Injuries, Trondheim, Norway. 2. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Trondheim, Norway. 3. K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. 4. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Circulation and Imaging, Trondheim, Norway. 5. Hokksund Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Hokksund, Norway. 6. Telemark University College, Department of Sports and Outdoor Life Studies, Bø, Norway. 7. Department of Clinical Medicine, Neuromuscular Diseases Research Group, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Abstract
Objective: To test whether passive leg cycling (PLC) during arm cycling ergometry (ACE) affects peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) differently in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) at/above the 6th thoracic vertebra (T6) and below T6. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression models. Between- and within-group differences were examined during (a) ACE only, (b) ACE combined with PLC (ACE-PLC), and (c) ACE combined with functional electrical stimulation cycling (FES hybrid). Fifteen SCI subjects were recruited and grouped according to injury level: at/above T6 (SCI-high, n = 8) or below T6 (SCI-low, n = 7). VO2peak tests during ACE only, ACE-PLC, and FES hybrid were performed in random order on separate days. Results: In the SCI-high group, mean (SD) VO2peak was 19% higher during ACE-PLC than during ACE only [21.0 (3.8) vs 17.7 (5.0) mL·kg-1·min-1; p = .002], while VO2peak during FES hybrid cycling was 16% higher than during ACE-PLC [24.4 (4.1) mL·kg-1·min-1; p = .001]. No significant differences among exercise modalities were found for the SCI-low group. Conclusion: Additional training modalities (eg, PLC) during ACE facilitate exercise in SCI-high individuals, but not to the level of the FES hybrid method. Conversely, additional training modalities may not increase training load in SCI-low individuals.
Objective: To test whether passive leg cycling (PLC) during arm cycling ergometry (ACE) affects peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) differently in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) at/above the 6th thoracic vertebra (T6) and below T6. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression models. Between- and within-group differences were examined during (a) ACE only, (b) ACE combined with PLC (ACE-PLC), and (c) ACE combined with functional electrical stimulation cycling (FES hybrid). Fifteen SCI subjects were recruited and grouped according to injury level: at/above T6 (SCI-high, n = 8) or below T6 (SCI-low, n = 7). VO2peak tests during ACE only, ACE-PLC, and FES hybrid were performed in random order on separate days. Results: In the SCI-high group, mean (SD) VO2peak was 19% higher during ACE-PLC than during ACE only [21.0 (3.8) vs 17.7 (5.0) mL·kg-1·min-1; p = .002], while VO2peak during FES hybrid cycling was 16% higher than during ACE-PLC [24.4 (4.1) mL·kg-1·min-1; p = .001]. No significant differences among exercise modalities were found for the SCI-low group. Conclusion: Additional training modalities (eg, PLC) during ACE facilitate exercise in SCI-high individuals, but not to the level of the FES hybrid method. Conversely, additional training modalities may not increase training load in SCI-low individuals.
Authors: William P Waring; Fin Biering-Sorensen; Stephen Burns; William Donovan; Daniel Graves; Amitabh Jha; Linda Jones; Steven Kirshblum; Ralph Marino; M J Mulcahey; Ronald Reeves; William M Scelza; Mary Schmidt-Read; Adam Stein Journal: J Spinal Cord Med Date: 2010 Impact factor: 1.985
Authors: A Schmid; M Huonker; J M Barturen; F Stahl; A Schmidt-Trucksäss; D König; D Grathwohl; M Lehmann; J Keul Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 1998-08