José Haba-Rubio1, Helena Marti-Soler2, Nadia Tobback3, Daniela Andries3, Pedro Marques-Vidal4, Peter Vollenweider4, Martin Preisig5, Raphael Heinzer3. 1. Center for Investigation and Research in Sleep, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: jose.haba-rubio@chuv.ch. 2. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland. 3. Center for Investigation and Research in Sleep, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland. 4. Department of Medicine, Service of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) are prevalent in the general population, but their impact on sleep and association with cardiometabolic disorders are a matter of debate. METHODS: Data from 2162 participants (51.2% women, mean age 58.4 ± 11.1 years) of the population-based HypnoLaus study (Lausanne, Switzerland) were collected. Subjective sleep complaints and habits were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Participants underwent a full polysomnography (PSG) at home and were evaluated for the presence of hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. RESULTS: Participants with a PLMS index (PLMSI) > 15/h (28.6% of the sample) had longer subjective sleep latency (18.6 ± 17.2 vs. 16.1 ± 14.3 min, p = 0.014) and duration (7.1 ± 1.2 vs. 6.9 ± 1.1 h, p < 0.001) than participants with PLMSI ≤ 15/h. At the PSG, they spent more time in stage N2 sleep (49.0 ± 11.2 vs. 45.5 ± 9.8%, p < 0.001), less in stage N3 (17.6 ± 8.2 vs. 20.6 ± 8.4%, p < 0.001) and in REM sleep (20.3 ± 6.4 vs. 22.4 ± 6.0%, p < 0.001), and exhibited longer REM latency (104.2 ± 70.2 vs. 91.7 ± 58.6 min, p < 0.001) and higher arousal index (26.5 ± 12.3 vs. 19.2 ± 9.7 n/h, p < 0.001). Participants with a PLMSI > 15/h had a lower ESS scores and higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Multivariate analysis adjusting for confounding factors confirmed the independent association of PLMSI > 15/h with subjective sleep latency and duration, and with objective sleep structure disturbances. However, the associations with sleepiness and cardiovascular risk factors disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: In our large middle-age European population-based sample, PLMSI > 15/h was associated with subjective and objective sleep disturbances but not with sleepiness, hypertension, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome.
OBJECTIVE: Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) are prevalent in the general population, but their impact on sleep and association with cardiometabolic disorders are a matter of debate. METHODS: Data from 2162 participants (51.2% women, mean age 58.4 ± 11.1 years) of the population-based HypnoLaus study (Lausanne, Switzerland) were collected. Subjective sleep complaints and habits were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Participants underwent a full polysomnography (PSG) at home and were evaluated for the presence of hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. RESULTS:Participants with a PLMS index (PLMSI) > 15/h (28.6% of the sample) had longer subjective sleep latency (18.6 ± 17.2 vs. 16.1 ± 14.3 min, p = 0.014) and duration (7.1 ± 1.2 vs. 6.9 ± 1.1 h, p < 0.001) than participants with PLMSI ≤ 15/h. At the PSG, they spent more time in stage N2 sleep (49.0 ± 11.2 vs. 45.5 ± 9.8%, p < 0.001), less in stage N3 (17.6 ± 8.2 vs. 20.6 ± 8.4%, p < 0.001) and in REM sleep (20.3 ± 6.4 vs. 22.4 ± 6.0%, p < 0.001), and exhibited longer REM latency (104.2 ± 70.2 vs. 91.7 ± 58.6 min, p < 0.001) and higher arousal index (26.5 ± 12.3 vs. 19.2 ± 9.7 n/h, p < 0.001). Participants with a PLMSI > 15/h had a lower ESS scores and higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Multivariate analysis adjusting for confounding factors confirmed the independent association of PLMSI > 15/h with subjective sleep latency and duration, and with objective sleep structure disturbances. However, the associations with sleepiness and cardiovascular risk factors disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: In our large middle-age European population-based sample, PLMSI > 15/h was associated with subjective and objective sleep disturbances but not with sleepiness, hypertension, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome.
Authors: Stefan Seidel; Heinrich Garn; Markus Gall; Bernhard Kohn; Christoph Wiesmeyr; Markus Waser; Carmina Coronel; Andrijana Stefanic; Marion Böck; Markus Wimmer; Magdalena Mandl; Birgit Högl; Gerhard Klösch Journal: J Sleep Res Date: 2020-02-04 Impact factor: 3.981
Authors: Moran Gilat; Alessandra Coeytaux Jackson; Nathaniel S Marshall; Deborah Hammond; Anna E Mullins; Julie M Hall; Bernard A M Fang; Brendon J Yee; Keith K H Wong; Ron R Grunstein; Simon J G Lewis Journal: Mov Disord Date: 2019-10-31 Impact factor: 10.338