Transcript profiling and gene expression analysis under drought stress in Ziziphus nummularia (Burm.f.) Wright & Arn.

Drought is one of the prime abiotic stresses responsible for limiting agricultural productivity. A number of drought responsive genes have been isolated and functionally characterized but these studies have been restricted to a few model plant systems. Very few drought responsive genes have been reported till date from non model drought tolerant plants. The present study aimed at identifying differentially expressed genes from a drought tolerant, non-model plant, Ziziphus nummularia (Burm.f.) Wight & Arn. One month old seedlings of Z. nummularia were subjected to drought stress by 30% Polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) treatment for 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. A significant reduction in RWC and increase in proline was observed at 24 h and 48 h of treatment. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library was constructed with drought stressed seedlings after 24 h and 48 h of PEG 6000 treatment. A total of 142 and 530 unigenes from 24 h and 48 h library were identified respectively. Gene ontology studies revealed that about 9.78% and 15.07% unigenes from 24 h and 48 h SSH libraries were expressed in "response to stress". Fifteen putative drought responsive genes identified in SSH library were validated for drought responsive differential expression by RT-qPCR. Significant changes in fold expressions were observed with time in the treated samples compared to the control. A heat map revealing the expression profile of genes was constructed by hierarchical clustering. Various genes identified in SSH libraries can serve as a resource for marker discovery and selection of candidate genes to improve drought tolerance in other susceptible crops.