Nor Shazrina Sulaiman1, Yusuke Demizu2, Masashi Koto3, Jun-Ichi Saitoh4, Hiroaki Suefuji5, Hiroshi Tsuji3, Tatsuya Ohno4, Yoshiyuki Shioyama5, Tomoaki Okimoto2, Takashi Daimon6, Kenji Nemoto7, Takashi Nakano4, Tadashi Kamada3. 1. Department of Radiology, Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Tatsuno, Japan. Electronic address: shazrina@hibmc.shingu.hyogo.jp. 2. Department of Radiology, Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Tatsuno, Japan. 3. Hospital of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan. 4. Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan. 5. Ion Beam Therapy Center, SAGA-HIMAT Foundation, Tosu, Japan. 6. Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan. 7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To retrospectively analyze the treatment outcomes of carbon-ion radiation therapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck at 4 active carbon-ion facilities in Japan. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 289 patients who underwent carbon-ion radiation therapy for histology-proven ACC of the head and neck at 4 institutions in Japan between November 2003 and December 2014 were included in this study. RESULTS: Median patient age was 58 years (range, 12-83 years). Tumor sites included the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (42%), nasopharynx and oropharynx (19%), oral cavity (12%), major salivary glands (12%), and others (15%). Tumor classifications were T4 in 200 (69%) patients, T3 in 45 (16%), T2 in 22 (8%), T1 in 15 (5%), and unclassified in 7 (2%). The median total dose was 64 Gy (relative biological effectiveness [RBE]; range, 55.2-70.4 Gy [RBE]) in 16 fractions (range, 12-32 fractions). Median follow-up time was 30 months (range, 2-118 months). The 2-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and local control rates were 94%, 68%, and 88%, respectively. Estimated 5-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and local control rates were 74%, 44%, and 68%, respectively. In all, 43 patients (15%) experienced grade ≥3 late toxicity, of which osteonecrosis of the jaw bone was the most common. Two patients treated for nasopharyngeal ACC died from a bleeding ulcer at the tumor site (grade 5 toxicity). CONCLUSIONS: Carbon-ion radiation therapy seems to be a promising treatment for ACC of the head and neck.
PURPOSE: To retrospectively analyze the treatment outcomes of carbon-ion radiation therapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck at 4 active carbon-ion facilities in Japan. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 289 patients who underwent carbon-ion radiation therapy for histology-proven ACC of the head and neck at 4 institutions in Japan between November 2003 and December 2014 were included in this study. RESULTS: Median patient age was 58 years (range, 12-83 years). Tumor sites included the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (42%), nasopharynx and oropharynx (19%), oral cavity (12%), major salivary glands (12%), and others (15%). Tumor classifications were T4 in 200 (69%) patients, T3 in 45 (16%), T2 in 22 (8%), T1 in 15 (5%), and unclassified in 7 (2%). The median total dose was 64 Gy (relative biological effectiveness [RBE]; range, 55.2-70.4 Gy [RBE]) in 16 fractions (range, 12-32 fractions). Median follow-up time was 30 months (range, 2-118 months). The 2-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and local control rates were 94%, 68%, and 88%, respectively. Estimated 5-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and local control rates were 74%, 44%, and 68%, respectively. In all, 43 patients (15%) experienced grade ≥3 late toxicity, of which osteonecrosis of the jaw bone was the most common. Two patients treated for nasopharyngeal ACC died from a bleeding ulcer at the tumor site (grade 5 toxicity). CONCLUSIONS:Carbon-ion radiation therapy seems to be a promising treatment for ACC of the head and neck.
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