E Moral1, J L Delgado2, F Carmona3, B Caballero4, C Guillán5, P M González6, J Suárez-Almarza7, S Velasco-Ortega7, C Nieto7. 1. a Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología , Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra , Pontevedra , Spain. 2. b Consulta de Ginecología Dr. Juan Luis Delgado , Murcia , Spain. 3. c Servicio de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Neonatología , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain. 4. d Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología , Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda , Madrid , Spain. 5. e Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología , Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de La Coruña , La Coruña , Spain. 6. f Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología , Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo , Vigo , Spain. 7. g Departamento Médico , ITF Research Pharma S.L.U. , Madrid , Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) and urogynecological conditions associated with menopause, and to evaluate the impact of GSM on quality of life in a cohort of Spanish postmenopausal women. METHODS: Multicenter, cross-sectional, and observational study involving 430 women. RESULTS: The prevalence of GSM was 70%. GSM was diagnosed in 60.2% of women with no known diagnosis of vulvovaginal atrophy or GSM. Most prevalent symptoms were vaginal dryness (93.3%) and reduced lubrication with sexual activity (90.0%). Most prevalent signs were decreased moisture (93.7%) and loss of vaginal rugae (78.4%). GSM was significantly associated with stress or mixed urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and vaginal prolapse. Symptoms showed a low-moderate impact on quality of life, mainly in sexual functioning and self-concept and body image. CONCLUSIONS: The GSM is very prevalent in Spanish postmenopausal women, affecting up to 70% of those consulting the gynecologist. Despite the high prevalence of symptoms and signs and its impact on the women's well-being, GSM remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. Given its relationship with urogynecological conditions, it seems necessary to provide an adequate evaluation of postmenopausal women for identifying potential co-morbidities and providing most adequate treatments. An adequate management of GSM will contribute to an improvement in the quality of life of these women.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) and urogynecological conditions associated with menopause, and to evaluate the impact of GSM on quality of life in a cohort of Spanish postmenopausal women. METHODS: Multicenter, cross-sectional, and observational study involving 430 women. RESULTS: The prevalence of GSM was 70%. GSM was diagnosed in 60.2% of women with no known diagnosis of vulvovaginal atrophy or GSM. Most prevalent symptoms were vaginal dryness (93.3%) and reduced lubrication with sexual activity (90.0%). Most prevalent signs were decreased moisture (93.7%) and loss of vaginal rugae (78.4%). GSM was significantly associated with stress or mixed urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and vaginal prolapse. Symptoms showed a low-moderate impact on quality of life, mainly in sexual functioning and self-concept and body image. CONCLUSIONS: The GSM is very prevalent in Spanish postmenopausal women, affecting up to 70% of those consulting the gynecologist. Despite the high prevalence of symptoms and signs and its impact on the women's well-being, GSM remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. Given its relationship with urogynecological conditions, it seems necessary to provide an adequate evaluation of postmenopausal women for identifying potential co-morbidities and providing most adequate treatments. An adequate management of GSM will contribute to an improvement in the quality of life of these women.
Entities:
Keywords:
GSM; Genitourinary syndrome of menopause; Spain; postmenopausal; prevalence; quality of life; vaginal aging; vaginal atrophy
Authors: Shilpa N Bhupathiraju; Francine Grodstein; Meir J Stampfer; Walter C Willett; Carolyn J Crandall; Jan L Shifren; JoAnn E Manson Journal: Menopause Date: 2018-12-17 Impact factor: 2.953
Authors: Irene A Garcia-Yu; Luis Garcia-Ortiz; Manuel A Gomez-Marcos; Emiliano Rodriguez-Sanchez; Olaya Tamayo-Morales; Jose A Maderuelo-Fernandez; Jose I Recio-Rodriguez Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-09-10 Impact factor: 5.717