Philip D Harvey1,2,3, Anzalee Khan1,2,3, Richard S E Keefe1,2,3. 1. Dr. Harvey is Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at University of Miami School of Medicine in Miami, Florida. 2. Dr. Khan is Senior Biostatistician at NeuroCog Trials and holds an appointment in the Psychopharmacology Research Program at the Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research in Orangeburg, New York. 3. Dr. Keefe is an employee of NeuroCog Trials and Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Duke University Institute for Brain Sciences in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Abstract
Background: Reduced emotional experience and expression are two domains of negative symptoms. The authors assessed these two domains of negative symptoms using previously developed Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) factors. Using an existing dataset, the authors predicted three different elements of everyday functioning (social, vocational, and everyday activities) with these two factors, as well as with performance on measures of functional capacity. Methods: A large (n=630) sample of people with schizophrenia was used as the data source of this study. Using regression analyses, the authors predicted the three different aspects of everyday functioning, first with just the two Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale factors and then with a global negative symptom factor. Finally, we added neurocognitive performance and functional capacity as predictors. Results: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale reduced emotional experience factor accounted for 21 percent of the variance in everyday social functioning, while reduced emotional expression accounted for no variance. The total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptom factor accounted for less variance (19%) than the reduced experience factor alone. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale expression factor accounted for, at most, one percent of the variance in any of the functional outcomes, with or without the addition of other predictors. Implications: Reduced emotional experience measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, often referred to as "avolition and anhedonia," specifically predicted impairments in social outcomes. Further, reduced experience predicted social impairments better than emotional expression or the total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptom factor. In this cross-sectional study, reduced emotional experience was specifically related with social outcomes, accounting for essentially no variance in work or everyday activities, and being the sole meaningful predictor of impairment in social outcomes.
Background: Reduced emotional experience and expression are two domains of negative symptoms. The authors assessed these two domains of negative symptoms using previously developed Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) factors. Using an existing dataset, the authors predicted three different elements of everyday functioning (social, vocational, and everyday activities) with these two factors, as well as with performance on measures of functional capacity. Methods: A large (n=630) sample of people with schizophrenia was used as the data source of this study. Using regression analyses, the authors predicted the three different aspects of everyday functioning, first with just the two Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale factors and then with a global negative symptom factor. Finally, we added neurocognitive performance and functional capacity as predictors. Results: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale reduced emotional experience factor accounted for 21 percent of the variance in everyday social functioning, while reduced emotional expression accounted for no variance. The total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptom factor accounted for less variance (19%) than the reduced experience factor alone. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale expression factor accounted for, at most, one percent of the variance in any of the functional outcomes, with or without the addition of other predictors. Implications: Reduced emotional experience measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, often referred to as "avolition and anhedonia," specifically predicted impairments in social outcomes. Further, reduced experience predicted social impairments better than emotional expression or the total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptom factor. In this cross-sectional study, reduced emotional experience was specifically related with social outcomes, accounting for essentially no variance in work or everyday activities, and being the sole meaningful predictor of impairment in social outcomes.
Authors: Philip D Harvey; Tenko Raykov; Elizabeth W Twamley; Lea Vella; Robert K Heaton; Thomas L Patterson Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2011-05-15 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Richard S E Keefe; Robert M Bilder; Philip D Harvey; Sonia M Davis; Barton W Palmer; James M Gold; Herbert Y Meltzer; Michael F Green; Del D Miller; Jose M Canive; Lawrence W Adler; Theo C Manschreck; Marvin Swartz; Robert Rosenheck; Diana O Perkins; Trina M Walker; T Scott Stroup; Joseph P McEvoy; Jeffrey A Lieberman Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2006-04-19 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Joseph Ventura; Kenneth L Subotnik; Michael J Gitlin; Denise Gretchen-Doorly; Arielle Ered; Kathleen F Villa; Gerhard S Hellemann; Keith H Nuechterlein Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2014-12-08 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: D V Sheehan; Y Lecrubier; K H Sheehan; P Amorim; J Janavs; E Weiller; T Hergueta; R Baker; G C Dunbar Journal: J Clin Psychiatry Date: 1998 Impact factor: 4.384
Authors: Marc Kalin; Sara Kaplan; Felicia Gould; Amy E Pinkham; David L Penn; Philip D Harvey Journal: J Psychiatr Res Date: 2015-07-13 Impact factor: 4.791
Authors: Dante Durand; Martin Strassnig; Samir Sabbag; Felicia Gould; Elizabeth W Twamley; Thomas L Patterson; Philip D Harvey Journal: Eur Neuropsychopharmacol Date: 2014-07-25 Impact factor: 4.600
Authors: Philip D Harvey; Elizabeth Deckler; Mackenzie T Jones; L Fredrik Jarskog; David L Penn; Amy E Pinkham Journal: J Psychiatr Res Date: 2019-05-10 Impact factor: 4.791
Authors: Philip D Harvey; Michelle L Miller; Raeanne C Moore; Colin A Depp; Emma M Parrish; Amy E Pinkham Journal: Innov Clin Neurosci Date: 2021-01-01
Authors: Anzalee Khan; Lora Liharska; Philip D Harvey; Alexandra Atkins; Daniel Ulshen; Richard S E Keefe Journal: Innov Clin Neurosci Date: 2017-12-01