Frederick Yoo1, Edward C Kuan2, Anthony P Heaney3,4, Marvin Bergsneider3, Marilene B Wang2. 1. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Ave. 62-132 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1624, USA. fyoo@mednet.ucla.edu. 2. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Ave. 62-132 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1624, USA. 3. Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA. 4. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Pituitary tumors are the second most common intracranial tumors, however, pituitary carcinoma is a rare clinical entity which represents only 0.1-0.2% of all pituitary tumors. Diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma requires the presence of metastasis. Early identification of pituitary carcinoma is difficult, and only recently have guidelines been published for the treatment of aggressive pituitary tumors. We present two cases from our institution, with a review of other cases available in literature in order to better characterize this rare disease. METHODS: A retrospective review of two patients with pituitary carcinoma treated at a tertiary medical center was performed. The MEDLINE database was searched for all cases of pituitary carcinoma. Information for age at diagnosis, sex, pituitary tumor type, latency period from pituitary tumor to presentation of carcinoma, sites of metastasis, number of surgical therapies, radiation and chemotherapy, and survival after diagnosis were collected. RESULTS: A total of 69 studies were available for review for a total of 72 unique cases. The average age at diagnosis was 46.3 years. The most common tumors were ACTH-secreting (34.7%), Prolactin-secreting (23.6%), and Null Cell (15.3%). The average latency period from pituitary tumor diagnosis to metastasis was 9 years. All patients underwent surgical therapy during their treatment, with an average of 2.76 procedures. The mortality rate was 54.8% with average time to death after diagnosis of approximately 10 months. CONCLUSIONS: Pituitary carcinoma is a rare disease with high mortality rate and is a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Further study is required but is difficult due to its low incidence.
PURPOSE:Pituitary tumors are the second most common intracranial tumors, however, pituitary carcinoma is a rare clinical entity which represents only 0.1-0.2% of all pituitary tumors. Diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma requires the presence of metastasis. Early identification of pituitary carcinoma is difficult, and only recently have guidelines been published for the treatment of aggressive pituitary tumors. We present two cases from our institution, with a review of other cases available in literature in order to better characterize this rare disease. METHODS: A retrospective review of two patients with pituitary carcinoma treated at a tertiary medical center was performed. The MEDLINE database was searched for all cases of pituitary carcinoma. Information for age at diagnosis, sex, pituitary tumor type, latency period from pituitary tumor to presentation of carcinoma, sites of metastasis, number of surgical therapies, radiation and chemotherapy, and survival after diagnosis were collected. RESULTS: A total of 69 studies were available for review for a total of 72 unique cases. The average age at diagnosis was 46.3 years. The most common tumors were ACTH-secreting (34.7%), Prolactin-secreting (23.6%), and Null Cell (15.3%). The average latency period from pituitary tumor diagnosis to metastasis was 9 years. All patients underwent surgical therapy during their treatment, with an average of 2.76 procedures. The mortality rate was 54.8% with average time to death after diagnosis of approximately 10 months. CONCLUSIONS:Pituitary carcinoma is a rare disease with high mortality rate and is a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Further study is required but is difficult due to its low incidence.
Authors: A K Annamalai; A F Dean; N Kandasamy; K Kovacs; H Burton; D J Halsall; A S Shaw; N M Antoun; H K Cheow; R W Kirollos; J D Pickard; H L Simpson; S J Jefferies; N G Burnet; M Gurnell Journal: Pituitary Date: 2012-09 Impact factor: 4.107
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Authors: Ken Ho; Maria Fleseriu; Ursula Kaiser; Roberto Salvatori; Thierry Brue; M Beatriz Lopes; Pamela Kunz; Mark Molitch; Sally A Camper; Mônica Gadelha; Luis V Syro; Edward Laws; Martin Reincke; Hiroshi Nishioka; Ashley Grossman; Ariel Barkan; Felipe Casanueva; John Wass; Adam Mamelak; Laurence Katznelson; Aart J van der Lely; Sally Radovick; Martin Bidlingmaier; Margaret Boguszewski; Jens Bollerslev; Andrew R Hoffman; Nelson Oyesiku; Gerald Raverot; Anat Ben-Shlomo; Rob Fowkes; Ilan Shimon; Hidenori Fukuoka; Alberto M Pereira; Yona Greenman; Anthony P Heaney; Mark Gurnell; Gudmundur Johannsson; Robert Y Osamura; Michael Buchfelder; Maria Chiara Zatelli; Marta Korbonits; Philippe Chanson; Nienke Biermasz; David R Clemmons; Niki Karavitaki; Marcello D Bronstein; Peter Trainer; Shlomo Melmed Journal: J Endocr Soc Date: 2021-02-09