Analysis of the nonlinear Kerr effects in optical transmission systems that deploy optical phase conjugation.

In this work, we will derive, validate, and analyze the theoretical description of nonlinear Kerr effects resulting from various transmission systems that deploy single or multiple optical phase conjugators (OPCs). We will show that the nonlinear Kerr compensation can be achieved, with various efficiencies, in both lumped and distributed Raman transmission systems. The results show that first order distributed Raman systems are superior to the discretely amplified systems in terms of the nonlinear Kerr compensation efficiency that a mid-link OPC can achieve. Also, we will show that the multi-OPC approach will diminish the nonlinearity compensation efficiency in any system as it will act as periodic dispersion compensators.