Cedric Manlhiot1, Sunita O'Shea1, Bailey Bernknopf1, Michael LaBelle1, Nita Chahal1, Rejane F Dillenburg2, Lillian S Lai3, Dirk Bock4, Brendan Lew1, Sameer Masood1, Mathew Mathew1, Brian W McCrindle5. 1. Labatt Family Heart Centre, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, McMaster University Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 3. Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 4. Division of Pediatric Academic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Western University, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada. 5. Labatt Family Heart Centre, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: brian.mccrindle@sickkids.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We have previously documented an increase in the incidence of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Ontario followed by a stabilization from 1995 to 2006. We sought to validate the estimation of incidence of KD using administrative data and to describe the epidemiology of KD across Canada from 2004 to 2014. METHODS: We queried the Canadian Hospital Discharge Database for hospital admissions associated with a discharge diagnosis of KD. The data set was manually curated and estimates of incidence were compared with those obtained from the retrospective triennial surveillances of KD performed in 2007 and 2010. RESULTS: The average number of cases per year identified through administrative data was 245 ± 45 vs 229 ± 33 from retrospective surveillance. This overestimation, representing 7 ± 6%, is similar to the historical percentage of patients originally diagnosed with KD in whom the diagnosis is subsequently excluded. The annual incidence of KD in Canada was 19.6, 6.4, and 1.3 cases per 100,000 children younger than 5 years, 5-9 years, and 10-14 years old, respectively, with important regional and seasonal differences. The incidence remained stable over the study period in the youngest age group but increased in both older age categories. Coronary artery aneurysms affected 3.5% of all patients, and 0.8% experienced associated major cardiac complications. CONCLUSIONS: Reliance on administrative data to determine incidence of KD is feasible and accurate with manual curation of the data. The incidence of KD in Canada seems to have plateaued for younger children. Differences in annual incidence observed between provinces remain to be explained, and might reflect genetic or environmental differences.
BACKGROUND: We have previously documented an increase in the incidence of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Ontario followed by a stabilization from 1995 to 2006. We sought to validate the estimation of incidence of KD using administrative data and to describe the epidemiology of KD across Canada from 2004 to 2014. METHODS: We queried the Canadian Hospital Discharge Database for hospital admissions associated with a discharge diagnosis of KD. The data set was manually curated and estimates of incidence were compared with those obtained from the retrospective triennial surveillances of KD performed in 2007 and 2010. RESULTS: The average number of cases per year identified through administrative data was 245 ± 45 vs 229 ± 33 from retrospective surveillance. This overestimation, representing 7 ± 6%, is similar to the historical percentage of patients originally diagnosed with KD in whom the diagnosis is subsequently excluded. The annual incidence of KD in Canada was 19.6, 6.4, and 1.3 cases per 100,000 children younger than 5 years, 5-9 years, and 10-14 years old, respectively, with important regional and seasonal differences. The incidence remained stable over the study period in the youngest age group but increased in both older age categories. Coronary artery aneurysms affected 3.5% of all patients, and 0.8% experienced associated major cardiac complications. CONCLUSIONS: Reliance on administrative data to determine incidence of KD is feasible and accurate with manual curation of the data. The incidence of KD in Canada seems to have plateaued for younger children. Differences in annual incidence observed between provinces remain to be explained, and might reflect genetic or environmental differences.
Authors: Stephen G Fung; Richard Webster; M Ellen Kuenzig; Braden D Knight; Michelle Batthish; Cal Robinson; Rahul Chanchlani; Eric I Benchimol; Carolina Jimenez-Rivera Journal: Rheumatology (Oxford) Date: 2022-05-05 Impact factor: 7.046