Lijuan Sun1, Stefan G Camps1, Hui Jen Goh1, Priya Govindharajulu1, Joshua D Schaefferkoetter2, David W Townsend2, Sanjay K Verma3, S Sendhil Velan3,4,5, Lei Sun6, Siu Kwan Sze7, Su Chi Lim8, Bernhard Otto Boehm9,10,11,12, Christiani Jeyakumar Henry1,13, Melvin Khee-Shing Leow1,6,10,11,14,15. 1. Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) and National University Health System, Singapore. 2. Clinical Imaging Research Centre, A*STAR, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore. 3. Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore. 4. Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore. 5. Departments of Physiology, and Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore. 6. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. 7. School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. 8. Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore. 9. Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore. 10. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. 11. Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore. 12. Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. 13. Departments of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore. 14. Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Changi General Hospital, Singapore. 15. Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore.
Abstract
Background: Capsinoids are reported to increase energy expenditure (EE) via brown adipose tissue (BAT) stimulation. However, imaging of BAT activation by capsinoids remains limited. Because BAT activation is a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity and related metabolic disorders, we sought to prove that capsinoid-induced BAT activation can be visualized by 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Objective: We compared capsinoids and cold exposure on BAT activation and whole-body EE. Design: Twenty healthy participants (8 men, 12 women) with a mean age of 26 y (range: 21-35 y) and a body mass index (kg/m2) of 21.7 (range: 18.5-26.0) underwent 18F-FDG PET and whole-body calorimetry after ingestion of 12 mg capsinoids or ≤2 h of cold exposure (∼14.5°C) in a crossover design. Mean standardized uptake values (SUVs) of the region of interest and BAT volumes were calculated. Blood metabolites were measured before and 2 h after each treatment. Results: All of the participants showed negligible 18F-FDG uptake post-capsinoid ingestion. Upon cold exposure, 12 participants showed avid 18F-FDG uptake into supraclavicular and lateral neck adipose tissues (BAT-positive group), whereas the remaining 8 participants (BAT-negative group) showed undetectable uptake. Capsinoids and cold exposure increased EE, although cold induced a 2-fold increase in whole-body EE and higher fat oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and HDL cholesterol compared with capsinoids. Conclusions: Capsinoids only increased EE in BAT-positive participants, which suggests that BAT mediates EE evoked by capsinoids. This implies that capsinoids stimulate BAT to a lesser degree than cold exposure as evidenced by 18F-FDG uptake below the presently accepted SUV thresholds defining BAT activation. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02964442.
Background: Capsinoids are reported to increase energy expenditure (EE) via brown adipose tissue (BAT) stimulation. However, imaging of BAT activation by capsinoids remains limited. Because BAT activation is a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity and related metabolic disorders, we sought to prove that capsinoid-induced BAT activation can be visualized by 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Objective: We compared capsinoids and cold exposure on BAT activation and whole-body EE. Design: Twenty healthy participants (8 men, 12 women) with a mean age of 26 y (range: 21-35 y) and a body mass index (kg/m2) of 21.7 (range: 18.5-26.0) underwent 18F-FDG PET and whole-body calorimetry after ingestion of 12 mg capsinoids or ≤2 h of cold exposure (∼14.5°C) in a crossover design. Mean standardized uptake values (SUVs) of the region of interest and BAT volumes were calculated. Blood metabolites were measured before and 2 h after each treatment. Results: All of the participants showed negligible 18F-FDG uptake post-capsinoid ingestion. Upon cold exposure, 12 participants showed avid 18F-FDG uptake into supraclavicular and lateral neck adipose tissues (BAT-positive group), whereas the remaining 8 participants (BAT-negative group) showed undetectable uptake. Capsinoids and cold exposure increased EE, although cold induced a 2-fold increase in whole-body EE and higher fat oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and HDL cholesterol compared with capsinoids. Conclusions: Capsinoids only increased EE in BAT-positive participants, which suggests that BAT mediates EE evoked by capsinoids. This implies that capsinoids stimulate BAT to a lesser degree than cold exposure as evidenced by 18F-FDG uptake below the presently accepted SUV thresholds defining BAT activation. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02964442.
Authors: Cécile Philippe; Eva-Maria Klebermass; Theresa Balber; Oana C Kulterer; Markus Zeilinger; Gerda Egger; Monika Dumanic; Carsten T Herz; Florian W Kiefer; Christian Scheuba; Thomas Scherer; Clemens Fürnsinn; Chrysoula Vraka; Katharina Pallitsch; Helmut Spreitzer; Wolfgang Wadsak; Helmut Viernstein; Marcus Hacker; Markus Mitterhauser Journal: Ann N Y Acad Sci Date: 2021-01-27 Impact factor: 5.691
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