Teemu J Niiranen1,2,3, Honghuang Lin1,4, Martin G Larson1,5,6, Ramachandran S Vasan1,7,8,9. 1. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study. 2. Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare. 3. Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 4. Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston. 5. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University. 6. Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health. 7. Section of Cardiology. 8. Section of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine. 9. Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Prior studies suggest that hypertensive target organ damage (TOD) is a heritable trait. However, the risk that parental TOD confers on propensity for TOD in their offspring, and how hypertensive TOD clusters in the context of parental versus offspring hypertension status remain unclear. METHODS: We studied 3238 Framingham Heart Study participants (mean age 39 ± 8 years, 53% women) with available parental data on TOD. Parents and offspring underwent measurements for left ventricular hypertrophy, increased relative wall thickness, albuminuria and conventional risk factors. RESULTS: Prevalence of any TOD (left ventricular hypertrophy or albuminuria) in participants with zero and at least one parents with any TOD was 7 and 13%, respectively (P < 0.001 for difference). Having at least one parent with TOD was associated with greater odds of TOD in offspring than individuals without parental TOD [multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.65; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.27-2.14]. Similarly, parental left ventricular hypertrophy was associated with offspring left ventricular hypertrophy (OR, 2.73; 95% CI 1.92-3.89), parental increased relative wall thickness conferred increased odds of increased relative wall thickness in the offspring (OR, 1.54; 95% CI 1.16-2.04) and parental albuminuria was related to offspring albuminuria (OR, 1.49; 95% CI 1.03-2.16). These associations remained significant upon adjustment for other risk factors, including blood pressure, and in analyses of subgroups defined according to parental or offspring hypertension status. CONCLUSION: Overall, our data suggest that familial clustering of TOD in the community is independent of blood pressure. Additional studies are warranted to confirm our observations.
OBJECTIVES: Prior studies suggest that hypertensive target organ damage (TOD) is a heritable trait. However, the risk that parental TOD confers on propensity for TOD in their offspring, and how hypertensive TOD clusters in the context of parental versus offspring hypertension status remain unclear. METHODS: We studied 3238 Framingham Heart Study participants (mean age 39 ± 8 years, 53% women) with available parental data on TOD. Parents and offspring underwent measurements for left ventricular hypertrophy, increased relative wall thickness, albuminuria and conventional risk factors. RESULTS: Prevalence of any TOD (left ventricular hypertrophy or albuminuria) in participants with zero and at least one parents with any TOD was 7 and 13%, respectively (P < 0.001 for difference). Having at least one parent with TOD was associated with greater odds of TOD in offspring than individuals without parental TOD [multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.65; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.27-2.14]. Similarly, parental left ventricular hypertrophy was associated with offspring left ventricular hypertrophy (OR, 2.73; 95% CI 1.92-3.89), parental increased relative wall thickness conferred increased odds of increased relative wall thickness in the offspring (OR, 1.54; 95% CI 1.16-2.04) and parental albuminuria was related to offspring albuminuria (OR, 1.49; 95% CI 1.03-2.16). These associations remained significant upon adjustment for other risk factors, including blood pressure, and in analyses of subgroups defined according to parental or offspring hypertension status. CONCLUSION: Overall, our data suggest that familial clustering of TOD in the community is independent of blood pressure. Additional studies are warranted to confirm our observations.
Authors: Farah Ammous; Wei Zhao; Scott M Ratliff; Minjung Kho; Lulu Shang; Alana C Jones; Ninad S Chaudhary; Hemant K Tiwari; Marguerite R Irvin; Donna K Arnett; Thomas H Mosley; Lawrence F Bielak; Sharon L R Kardia; Xiang Zhou; Jennifer Smith Journal: Epigenetics Date: 2020-10-26 Impact factor: 4.528