Courtney C Choy1, Dongqing Wang2, Ana Baylin2, Christina Soti-Ulberg3, Take Naseri3, Muagututia S Reupena4, Avery A Thompson5, Rachel L Duckham6, Nicola L Hawley5. 1. 1Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Brown University,Providence,RI,USA. 2. 2Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA. 3. 4Ministry of Health,Apia,Samoa. 4. 5Samoa Bureau of Statistics,Apia,Samoa. 5. 6Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Yale University,60 College Street,New Haven,CT 06520-8034,USA. 6. 7Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN),Deakin University,Geelong,Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Among young Samoan children, diet may not be optimal: in 2015, 16·1 % of 24-59-month-olds were overweight/obese, 20·3 % stunted and 34·1 % anaemic. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns among 24-59-month-old Samoan children and evaluate their association with: (i) child, maternal and household characteristics; and (ii) nutritional status indicators (stunting, overweight/obesity, anaemia). DESIGN: A community-based, cross-sectional study. Principal component analysis on 117 FFQ items was used to identify empirical dietary patterns. Distributions of child, maternal and household characteristics were examined by factor score quintiles. The regression of nutritional status indicators v. these quintiles was performed using logistic regression models. SETTING: Ten villages on the Samoan island of Upolu. SUBJECTS: A convenience sample of mother-child pairs (n 305). RESULTS: Two dietary patterns, modern and neo-traditional, emerged. The modern pattern was loaded with 'westernized' foods (red meat, condiments and snacks). The neo-traditional pattern included vegetables, local starches, coconuts, fish and poultry. Following the modern diet was associated with urban residence, greater maternal educational attainment, higher socio-economic status, lower vitamin C intake and higher sugar intake. Following the neo-traditional diet was associated with rural residence, lower socio-economic status, higher vitamin C intake and lower sugar intake. While dietary patterns were not related to stunting or anaemia, following the neo-traditional pattern was positively associated with child overweight/obesity (adjusted OR=4·23, 95 % CI 1·26, 14·17, for the highest quintile, P-trend=0·06). CONCLUSIONS: Further longitudinal monitoring and evaluation of early childhood growth and development are needed to understand the influences of early diet on child health in Samoa.
OBJECTIVE: Among young Samoan children, diet may not be optimal: in 2015, 16·1 % of 24-59-month-olds were overweight/obese, 20·3 % stunted and 34·1 % anaemic. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns among 24-59-month-old Samoan children and evaluate their association with: (i) child, maternal and household characteristics; and (ii) nutritional status indicators (stunting, overweight/obesity, anaemia). DESIGN: A community-based, cross-sectional study. Principal component analysis on 117 FFQ items was used to identify empirical dietary patterns. Distributions of child, maternal and household characteristics were examined by factor score quintiles. The regression of nutritional status indicators v. these quintiles was performed using logistic regression models. SETTING: Ten villages on the Samoan island of Upolu. SUBJECTS: A convenience sample of mother-child pairs (n 305). RESULTS: Two dietary patterns, modern and neo-traditional, emerged. The modern pattern was loaded with 'westernized' foods (red meat, condiments and snacks). The neo-traditional pattern included vegetables, local starches, coconuts, fish and poultry. Following the modern diet was associated with urban residence, greater maternal educational attainment, higher socio-economic status, lower vitamin C intake and higher sugar intake. Following the neo-traditional diet was associated with rural residence, lower socio-economic status, higher vitamin C intake and lower sugar intake. While dietary patterns were not related to stunting or anaemia, following the neo-traditional pattern was positively associated with child overweight/obesity (adjusted OR=4·23, 95 % CI 1·26, 14·17, for the highest quintile, P-trend=0·06). CONCLUSIONS: Further longitudinal monitoring and evaluation of early childhood growth and development are needed to understand the influences of early diet on child health in Samoa.
Authors: Courtney C Choy; Dongqing Wang; Take Naseri; Christina Soti-Ulberg; Muagututia S Reupena; Rachel L Duckham; Ana Baylin; Nicola L Hawley Journal: Child Obes Date: 2020-09-09 Impact factor: 2.992
Authors: Veeraya K Tanawattanacharoen; Courtney C Choy; Trevor J Anesi; Take Naseri; Christina Soti-Ulberg; Muagututia S Reupena; Nicola L Hawley Journal: Matern Child Nutr Date: 2020-02-14 Impact factor: 3.092
Authors: Lacey W Heinsberg; Christina N N Bui; Jennifer C Hartle; Susan M Sereika; Courtney C Choy; Dongqing Wang; Christina Soti-Ulberg; Take Naseri; Muagututia Sefuiva Reupena; Rachel L Duckham; Jennifer J Park; Nicola L Hawley; Nicole C Deziel Journal: Toxics Date: 2020-09-02
Authors: Lauren C LaMonica; Stephen T McGarvey; Anna C Rivara; Chlöe A Sweetman; Take Naseri; Muagatutia Sefuiva Reupena; Hemant Kadiamada; Erica Kocher; Alexa Rojas-Carroll; James P DeLany; Nicola L Hawley Journal: Lancet Reg Health West Pac Date: 2021-11-23