Sebastian Ludyga1, Markus Gerber2, Keita Kamijo3, Serge Brand4, Uwe Pühse2. 1. University of Basel, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Switzerland. Electronic address: sebastian.ludyga@unibas.ch. 2. University of Basel, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Switzerland. 3. Waseda University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Japan. 4. University of Basel, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Switzerland; University of Basel, Psychiatric Clinics, Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Switzerland; Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center and Sleep Disorders Research Center, Iran.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of a structured exercise program implemented during school break-time on working memory maintenance and neurophysiological indices of task preparation processes in adolescents. DESIGN: Using class-wise random allocation, participants from four classes were divided into an exercise (n=20) and a wait-list control group (n=16). Over a period of eight weeks, the exercise group engaged in 20min of combined aerobic and coordinative exercise on each school day. METHODS: Prior to and after the intervention period, participants performed a computer-based Sternberg task for the assessment of working memory performance. Simultaneously, the contingent negative variation (CNV) of event-related potentials was measured. RESULTS: The exercise group demonstrated a larger decrease in reaction time from pre- to post-test relative to the control group, F(1, 31)=13.5, p<0.001. No changes were found for accuracy on the Sternberg task across groups. Using cluster-based permutation testing, the analysis of event-related potentials revealed a significant increase of the initial CNV from pre- to post-test in the exercise group, cluster value=-2376.2, p=0.006, which was most pronounced for the fronto-central region, with no such effect observed for the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Daily engagement in a short combined aerobic and coordinative exercise program following the school lunch time break elicits benefits for working memory in adolescents. These changes are accompanied by improvements of task preparation processes, which allow the selection of a more appropriate cognitive control strategy.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of a structured exercise program implemented during school break-time on working memory maintenance and neurophysiological indices of task preparation processes in adolescents. DESIGN: Using class-wise random allocation, participants from four classes were divided into an exercise (n=20) and a wait-list control group (n=16). Over a period of eight weeks, the exercise group engaged in 20min of combined aerobic and coordinative exercise on each school day. METHODS: Prior to and after the intervention period, participants performed a computer-based Sternberg task for the assessment of working memory performance. Simultaneously, the contingent negative variation (CNV) of event-related potentials was measured. RESULTS: The exercise group demonstrated a larger decrease in reaction time from pre- to post-test relative to the control group, F(1, 31)=13.5, p<0.001. No changes were found for accuracy on the Sternberg task across groups. Using cluster-based permutation testing, the analysis of event-related potentials revealed a significant increase of the initial CNV from pre- to post-test in the exercise group, cluster value=-2376.2, p=0.006, which was most pronounced for the fronto-central region, with no such effect observed for the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Daily engagement in a short combined aerobic and coordinative exercise program following the school lunch time break elicits benefits for working memory in adolescents. These changes are accompanied by improvements of task preparation processes, which allow the selection of a more appropriate cognitive control strategy.
Authors: Sebastian Ludyga; Christian Herrmann; Manuel Mücke; Christian Andrä; Serge Brand; Uwe Pühse; Markus Gerber Journal: Neural Plast Date: 2018-04-18 Impact factor: 3.599
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