Oladunni Oluwoye1,2, Maria Monroe-DeVita3, Ekaterina Burduli1,2,4, Lydia Chwastiak3, Sterling McPherson2,3,4,5, Jon M McClellan3, Michael G McDonell1,2,4. 1. Initiative for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington. 2. Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington. 3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington. 4. Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington. 5. Providence Medical Research Centre, Providence Health Care, Spokane, Washington.
Abstract
AIM: The primary aim of this study was to examine the effect of recent tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use on treatment outcomes among participants experiencing first episode psychosis (FEP). METHODS: Secondary data analyses were conducted on 404 participants enrolled in the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode-Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP) study. RAISE-ETP investigated the effectiveness of a coordinated specialty care (CSC) intervention for FEP in community mental health agencies in the United States. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine whether recent tobacco smoking, alcohol, and cannabis use at baseline were associated with illness severity, number of antipsychotic pills missed, psychiatric symptoms and quality of life during the 24-month treatment period, after controlling for duration of untreated psychosis and treatment group. RESULTS: At baseline, roughly 50% (n = 209) of participants reported recent tobacco, 28% (n = 113) alcohol and 24% (n = 95) cannabis use. Tobacco smokers had higher levels of illness severity (β = .24; P < .005), a higher number of missed pills (β = 2.89; P < .05), higher psychiatric symptoms and lower quality of life during treatment relative to non-smokers. Alcohol users had a higher number of missed pills (β = 3.16; P < .05) during treatment and cannabis users had higher levels of illness severity (β = .18; P < .05) and positive symptoms (β = 1.56; P < .05) relative to non-users. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use are common in youth seeking treatment for FEP. Tobacco smoking was associated with more negative clinical outcomes. These findings have implications for including interventions targeting these areas of substance use within current CSC models.
AIM: The primary aim of this study was to examine the effect of recent tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use on treatment outcomes among participants experiencing first episode psychosis (FEP). METHODS: Secondary data analyses were conducted on 404 participants enrolled in the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode-Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP) study. RAISE-ETP investigated the effectiveness of a coordinated specialty care (CSC) intervention for FEP in community mental health agencies in the United States. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine whether recent tobacco smoking, alcohol, and cannabis use at baseline were associated with illness severity, number of antipsychotic pills missed, psychiatric symptoms and quality of life during the 24-month treatment period, after controlling for duration of untreated psychosis and treatment group. RESULTS: At baseline, roughly 50% (n = 209) of participants reported recent tobacco, 28% (n = 113) alcohol and 24% (n = 95) cannabis use. Tobacco smokers had higher levels of illness severity (β = .24; P < .005), a higher number of missed pills (β = 2.89; P < .05), higher psychiatric symptoms and lower quality of life during treatment relative to non-smokers. Alcohol users had a higher number of missed pills (β = 3.16; P < .05) during treatment and cannabis users had higher levels of illness severity (β = .18; P < .05) and positive symptoms (β = 1.56; P < .05) relative to non-users. CONCLUSIONS:Tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use are common in youth seeking treatment for FEP. Tobacco smoking was associated with more negative clinical outcomes. These findings have implications for including interventions targeting these areas of substance use within current CSC models.
Authors: Erik Stiles; Karl C Alcover; Bryan Stiles; Oladunni Oluwoye; Michael G McDonell Journal: Early Interv Psychiatry Date: 2020-09-02 Impact factor: 2.732
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