Edward Jo1, Phillip R Worts2, Marcus L Elam1, Ann Frost Brown3, Andy V Khamoui4, Do-Houn Kim2, Ming-Chia Yeh2, Michael J Ormsbee5, Carla M Prado6, Angelina Cain7, Katie Snyder7, Jeong-Su Kim8. 1. Human Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, USA. 2. Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. 3. Department of Movement Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA. 4. Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA. 5. Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. 6. Department of Agriculture, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. 7. Tallahassee Memorial Hospital, Tallahassee, FL, USA. 8. Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. Electronic address: jkim6@fsu.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This investigation evaluated the efficacy by which resistance training enhances body composition, metabolic, and functional outcomes for obese patients undergoing a 12-week medically supervised hypocaloric treatment. METHODS: This was a single-blind, randomized, parallel-group prospective trial. Morbidly obese patients were prescribed a 12-week proprietary very low calorie diet (VLCD) treatment (Optifast®) with supplemental protein (1120 kcals/day) and were placed in one of two groups for 14 weeks: 1) Standard Treatment Control (CON) (n = 5) or 2) Resistance Training (RT) (n = 6). Both groups underwent a pedometer-based walking program; however only RT performed resistance training 3 days/week for 12 weeks. Body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), neuromuscular function, and serum biomarkers were measured at weeks 0, 6, and 13. RESULTS: Both groups exhibited a significant loss of total body mass (TBM) (CON: -19.4 ± 2.3 kg, p = 0.0009 vs. RT: -15.8 ± 1.5 kg, p = 0.0002) and fat mass (FM) (CON: -14.7 ± 1.8 kg, p = 0.0002 vs. RT: -15.1 ± 2.1 kg, p = 0.0002) with no group differences. CON lost 4.6 ± 0.8 kg (p = 0.004) of lean mass (LM) while RT demonstrated no changes. Group differences were found for the relative proportion of total weight-loss due to FM-loss (CON: 75.6 ± 3.4% vs. RT: 96.0 ± 6.0%, p = 0.03) and LM-loss (CON: 24.4 ± 3.2% vs. RT: 4.0 ± 6.5%, p = 0.03). CON demonstrated a 328.6 ± 72.7 kcal/day (-14.3 ± 2.4%) (p = 0.02) decrease in REE while RT exhibited a non-significant decrease of 4.6 ± 1.6% (p = 0.78). RT demonstrated greater improvements in all measures of contractile function and strength when compared to CON (p < 0.05). At post-treatment, RT exhibited greater serum free fatty acids (p = 0.01), glycerol (p = 0.003), and β-hydroxybutyrate (p = 0.005) than CON. CONCLUSION:Resistance training was advantageous for weight-loss composition by preservation of LM without compromising overall weight- or fat-loss in morbidly obese men and women undergoing a protein supplemented VLCD. These changes accompanied positive adaptations for resting metabolism and muscular function.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: This investigation evaluated the efficacy by which resistance training enhances body composition, metabolic, and functional outcomes for obesepatients undergoing a 12-week medically supervised hypocaloric treatment. METHODS: This was a single-blind, randomized, parallel-group prospective trial. Morbidly obesepatients were prescribed a 12-week proprietary very low calorie diet (VLCD) treatment (Optifast®) with supplemental protein (1120 kcals/day) and were placed in one of two groups for 14 weeks: 1) Standard Treatment Control (CON) (n = 5) or 2) Resistance Training (RT) (n = 6). Both groups underwent a pedometer-based walking program; however only RT performed resistance training 3 days/week for 12 weeks. Body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), neuromuscular function, and serum biomarkers were measured at weeks 0, 6, and 13. RESULTS: Both groups exhibited a significant loss of total body mass (TBM) (CON: -19.4 ± 2.3 kg, p = 0.0009 vs. RT: -15.8 ± 1.5 kg, p = 0.0002) and fat mass (FM) (CON: -14.7 ± 1.8 kg, p = 0.0002 vs. RT: -15.1 ± 2.1 kg, p = 0.0002) with no group differences. CON lost 4.6 ± 0.8 kg (p = 0.004) of lean mass (LM) while RT demonstrated no changes. Group differences were found for the relative proportion of total weight-loss due to FM-loss (CON: 75.6 ± 3.4% vs. RT: 96.0 ± 6.0%, p = 0.03) and LM-loss (CON: 24.4 ± 3.2% vs. RT: 4.0 ± 6.5%, p = 0.03). CON demonstrated a 328.6 ± 72.7 kcal/day (-14.3 ± 2.4%) (p = 0.02) decrease in REE while RT exhibited a non-significant decrease of 4.6 ± 1.6% (p = 0.78). RT demonstrated greater improvements in all measures of contractile function and strength when compared to CON (p < 0.05). At post-treatment, RT exhibited greater serum free fatty acids (p = 0.01), glycerol (p = 0.003), and β-hydroxybutyrate (p = 0.005) than CON. CONCLUSION: Resistance training was advantageous for weight-loss composition by preservation of LM without compromising overall weight- or fat-loss in morbidly obesemen and women undergoing a protein supplemented VLCD. These changes accompanied positive adaptations for resting metabolism and muscular function.
Authors: Clint T Miller; Steve F Fraser; Steve E Selig; Toni Rice; Mariee Grima; Daniel J van den Hoek; Carolina Ika Sari; Gavin W Lambert; John B Dixon Journal: Obes Facts Date: 2020-07-23 Impact factor: 3.942
Authors: Jonathan Sivakumar; Lynn Chong; Salena Ward; Tom R Sutherland; Matthew Read; Michael W Hii Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2020-01 Impact factor: 4.129
Authors: Steven B Heymsfield; Laura A Coleman; Ram Miller; Daniel S Rooks; Didier Laurent; Olivier Petricoul; Jens Praestgaard; Therese Swan; Thomas Wade; Robert G Perry; Bret H Goodpaster; Ronenn Roubenoff Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2021-01-04
Authors: Françoise Wilhelmi de Toledo; Franziska Grundler; Cesare R Sirtori; Massimiliano Ruscica Journal: Ann Med Date: 2020-06-10 Impact factor: 4.709