Giovanni Di Nardo1, Cesare Cremon2, Simone Frediani3, Sandra Lucarelli3, Maria Pia Villa4, Vincenzo Stanghellini2, Giuseppe La Torre5, Luigi Martemucci6, Giovanni Barbara7. 1. Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy; Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, International Hospital Salvator Mundi, Rome, Italy. 2. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy. 3. Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy. 4. Pediatric Unit, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy. 5. Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 6. Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy. 7. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: giovanni.barbara@unibo.it.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that allergic proctocolitis, a cause of self-limiting rectal bleeding in infants, can predispose to the development of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) later in childhood. STUDY DESIGN: We studied a cohort of 80 consecutive patients diagnosed with allergic proctocolitis. Their sibling or matched children presenting to the same hospital for minor trauma served as controls. Parents of the patients with allergic proctocolitis and controls participated in a telephone interview every 12 months until the child was at least 4 years old. At that time, they were asked to complete the parental Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Rome III version. RESULTS: Sixteen of the 160 subjects (10.0%) included in the study met the Rome III criteria for FGIDs. Among the 80 patients with allergic proctocolitis, 12 (15.0%) reported FGIDs, compared with 4 of 80 (5.0%) controls (P = .035). After adjustment for age and sex, the OR for FGIDs in allergic proctocolitis group was 4.39 (95% CI, 1.03-18.68). FGIDs were significantly associated with iron deficiency anemia, duration of hematochezia, and younger age at presentation. In a multivariate analysis, only the duration of hematochezia was significantly associated with the development of FGIDs (OR, 3.14; 95% CI,1.72-5.74). CONCLUSIONS: We have identified allergic proctocolitis as a new risk factor for the development of FGIDs in children. Our data suggest that not only infection, but also a transient early-life allergic inflammatory trigger may induce persistent digestive symptoms, supporting the existence of "postinflammatory" FGIDs.
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that allergic proctocolitis, a cause of self-limiting rectal bleeding in infants, can predispose to the development of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) later in childhood. STUDY DESIGN: We studied a cohort of 80 consecutive patients diagnosed with allergic proctocolitis. Their sibling or matched children presenting to the same hospital for minor trauma served as controls. Parents of the patients with allergic proctocolitis and controls participated in a telephone interview every 12 months until the child was at least 4 years old. At that time, they were asked to complete the parental Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Rome III version. RESULTS: Sixteen of the 160 subjects (10.0%) included in the study met the Rome III criteria for FGIDs. Among the 80 patients with allergic proctocolitis, 12 (15.0%) reported FGIDs, compared with 4 of 80 (5.0%) controls (P = .035). After adjustment for age and sex, the OR for FGIDs in allergic proctocolitis group was 4.39 (95% CI, 1.03-18.68). FGIDs were significantly associated with iron deficiency anemia, duration of hematochezia, and younger age at presentation. In a multivariate analysis, only the duration of hematochezia was significantly associated with the development of FGIDs (OR, 3.14; 95% CI,1.72-5.74). CONCLUSIONS: We have identified allergic proctocolitis as a new risk factor for the development of FGIDs in children. Our data suggest that not only infection, but also a transient early-life allergic inflammatory trigger may induce persistent digestive symptoms, supporting the existence of "postinflammatory" FGIDs.