The contributions of non-numeric dimensions to number encoding, representations, and decision-making factors.

Leibovich et al. suggest that congruency effects in number perception (biases towards smaller, denser, etc., dots) are evidence for the number's dependence on these dimensions. I argue that they fail to differentiate between effects at three distinct levels of number perception - encoding, representations, and decision making - and that differentiating between these allows the number to be independent from, but correlated with, non-numeric dimensions.