Mary Mbaba1, Shan-Estelle Brown2, Alese Wooditch3, Marissa Kiss4, Amy Murphy4, Suneeta Kumari5, Faye Taxman4, Frederick Altice2,6, William B Lawson7, Sandra A Springer2. 1. a Department of Psychology , George Washington University , Washington, D.C. , USA. 2. b AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Disease , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , Connecticut , USA. 3. c Department of Criminal Justice , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA. 4. d Department of Criminology , Law and Society, George Mason University , Fairfax , Virginia , USA. 5. e Howard University College of Medicine and Hospital , Washington, D.C. , USA. 6. f Yale University School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases , New Haven , Connecticut , USA. 7. g Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas , USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Individuals involved in the criminal justice system have disproportionately high rates of psychiatric disorders when compared to the general U.S. POPULATION: If left untreated, the likelihood of subsequent arrest increases and risk for adverse health consequences is great, particularly among opioid users. OBJECTIVES: To explore the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment of mood disorders among justice involved opioid-dependent populations. METHODS: The current study enrolled 258 treatment-seeking opioid-dependent individuals under community-based criminal justice supervision (e.g., probation, parole) screened from the larger parent study, Project STRIDE, a seek/test/treat randomized control trial (RCT) examining HIV and opioid use treatment. During baseline, individuals were screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and screened for bipolar disorder using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) tool. RESULTS: Overall, 78 (30%) participants screened positive for moderate to severe depression and 54 (21%) screened positive for bipolar disorder. Participants self-reported mood disorders at higher rates than they screened positive for these conditions. Participants screening positive for these conditions experienced significantly greater family, legal, and medical problems on the Addiction Severity Index-Lite (ASI-Lite) than those who did not screen positive. Incidence of a lifetime suicide attempt was found to be associated with a positive screen for both mood disorders. Prescribed psychotropic treatment utilization was similar among those who screened positive for depression or bipolar disorder with approximately 38% reporting taking medication. IMPORTANCE: Findings suggest universal mood disorder screening to improve comprehensive psychiatric care and treatment of opioid-dependent justice-involved individuals.
BACKGROUND: Individuals involved in the criminal justice system have disproportionately high rates of psychiatric disorders when compared to the general U.S. POPULATION: If left untreated, the likelihood of subsequent arrest increases and risk for adverse health consequences is great, particularly among opioid users. OBJECTIVES: To explore the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment of mood disorders among justice involved opioid-dependent populations. METHODS: The current study enrolled 258 treatment-seeking opioid-dependent individuals under community-based criminal justice supervision (e.g., probation, parole) screened from the larger parent study, Project STRIDE, a seek/test/treat randomized control trial (RCT) examining HIV and opioid use treatment. During baseline, individuals were screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and screened for bipolar disorder using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) tool. RESULTS: Overall, 78 (30%) participants screened positive for moderate to severe depression and 54 (21%) screened positive for bipolar disorder. Participants self-reported mood disorders at higher rates than they screened positive for these conditions. Participants screening positive for these conditions experienced significantly greater family, legal, and medical problems on the Addiction Severity Index-Lite (ASI-Lite) than those who did not screen positive. Incidence of a lifetime suicide attempt was found to be associated with a positive screen for both mood disorders. Prescribed psychotropic treatment utilization was similar among those who screened positive for depression or bipolar disorder with approximately 38% reporting taking medication. IMPORTANCE: Findings suggest universal mood disorder screening to improve comprehensive psychiatric care and treatment of opioid-dependent justice-involved individuals.
Authors: Robin M Nance; Maria Esther Perez Trejo; Bridget M Whitney; Joseph A C Delaney; Fredrick L Altice; Curt G Beckwith; Geetanjali Chander; Redonna Chandler; Katerina Christopoulous; Chinazo Cunningham; William E Cunningham; Carlos Del Rio; Dennis Donovan; Joseph J Eron; Rob J Fredericksen; Shoshana Kahana; Mari M Kitahata; Richard Kronmal; Irene Kuo; Ann Kurth; W Chris Mathews; Kenneth H Mayer; Richard D Moore; Michael J Mugavero; Lawrence J Ouellet; Vu M Quan; Michael S Saag; Jane M Simoni; Sandra Springer; Lauren Strand; Faye Taxman; Jeremy D Young; Heidi M Crane Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2020-02-14 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Alissa Davis; Andrea Norcini Pala; Louisa Gilbert; Phillip L Marotta; Dawn Goddard-Eckrich; Nabila El-Bassel Journal: Int J Drug Policy Date: 2020-07-09