J K M Fan1,2, J Liu3, K Chen3, X Yang3, X Xu4, H K Choi5, F S Y Chan5,3, K W H Chiu4,6, C M Lo5,3. 1. Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China. drjoefan@hku.hk. 2. Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. drjoefan@hku.hk. 3. Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. 4. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. 5. Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China. 6. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Seroma is a virtually unavoidable early sequela after TEP hernioplasty. This randomised controlled trial evaluated the outcomes of preperitoneal closed-system suction drainage in laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernioplastyfor inguinal hernia. METHODS:Ninety patients aged 18-80 years who presented to our hospital between May 2016 and February 2017 with primary unilateral inguinal hernia were randomised into the preperitoneal drain and no-drain groups. The primary outcome was seroma size on postoperative day 6. Secondary outcomes included clinical seroma formation and seroma size on day 1, day 6, 1 and 7 months postoperatively, length of postoperative stay, pain score, and recurrence. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in age, sex, co-morbidities, hernia side, mean hernia size, operating time, fixation adjuncts, or postoperative stay. The overall incidence of clinical seroma formation was 25.6% on postoperative day 1, 60.3% on postoperative day 6, 13.2% 1 month and 0% 7 months postoperatively. The mean drain output was 57.9 ml. The drain group had significantly fewer patients with seroma on day 1 (6 vs 14, p = 0.022) and day 6 (17 vs 30, p = 0.000), and a smaller mean seroma size on days 1 and 6 (p = 0.000). Subgroup analysis showed that sac ligation versus reduction, peritoneal perforation, and fixation adjuncts had no significant effects on seroma formation or size. There is a trend of lower early post-operation VAS score and more urinary retention in drain group was observed but not reaching statistical significance. No differences in postoperative pain score or complications were observed at 1 and 7 months' post operation. CONCLUSIONS:Preperitoneal drainage for 23 h after laparoscopic TEP hernioplastyfor inguinal hernia can effectively decrease seroma formation in the early postoperative period, and potentially improving postoperative pain. The benefit is short-term and no significant difference was demonstrated after 1-month post operations. This tradition technique applied to novel operative repair of inguinal hernia is safe and feasible with no significant morbidity demonstrated. Preperitoneal drainage after TEP can be considered as an option to improve patient satisfactions and recovery in selected patient group for maximal benefit, especially for those with prolonged operation which may associate with higher chance of seroma formation.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES:Seroma is a virtually unavoidable early sequela after TEP hernioplasty. This randomised controlled trial evaluated the outcomes of preperitoneal closed-system suction drainage in laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernioplasty for inguinal hernia. METHODS: Ninety patients aged 18-80 years who presented to our hospital between May 2016 and February 2017 with primary unilateral inguinal hernia were randomised into the preperitoneal drain and no-drain groups. The primary outcome was seroma size on postoperative day 6. Secondary outcomes included clinical seroma formation and seroma size on day 1, day 6, 1 and 7 months postoperatively, length of postoperative stay, pain score, and recurrence. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in age, sex, co-morbidities, hernia side, mean hernia size, operating time, fixation adjuncts, or postoperative stay. The overall incidence of clinical seroma formation was 25.6% on postoperative day 1, 60.3% on postoperative day 6, 13.2% 1 month and 0% 7 months postoperatively. The mean drain output was 57.9 ml. The drain group had significantly fewer patients with seroma on day 1 (6 vs 14, p = 0.022) and day 6 (17 vs 30, p = 0.000), and a smaller mean seroma size on days 1 and 6 (p = 0.000). Subgroup analysis showed that sac ligation versus reduction, peritoneal perforation, and fixation adjuncts had no significant effects on seroma formation or size. There is a trend of lower early post-operation VAS score and more urinary retention in drain group was observed but not reaching statistical significance. No differences in postoperative pain score or complications were observed at 1 and 7 months' post operation. CONCLUSIONS: Preperitoneal drainage for 23 h after laparoscopic TEP hernioplasty for inguinal hernia can effectively decrease seroma formation in the early postoperative period, and potentially improving postoperative pain. The benefit is short-term and no significant difference was demonstrated after 1-month post operations. This tradition technique applied to novel operative repair of inguinal hernia is safe and feasible with no significant morbidity demonstrated. Preperitoneal drainage after TEP can be considered as an option to improve patient satisfactions and recovery in selected patient group for maximal benefit, especially for those with prolonged operation which may associate with higher chance of seroma formation.
Authors: R Bittner; M E Arregui; T Bisgaard; M Dudai; G S Ferzli; R J Fitzgibbons; R H Fortelny; U Klinge; F Kockerling; E Kuhry; J Kukleta; D Lomanto; M C Misra; A Montgomery; S Morales-Conde; W Reinpold; J Rosenberg; S Sauerland; C Schug-Pass; K Singh; M Timoney; D Weyhe; P Chowbey Journal: Surg Endosc Date: 2011-07-13 Impact factor: 4.584
Authors: Javier Lopez-Monclus; Miguel Angel Garcia-Ureña; Luis Alberto Blázquez; Daniel Adolfo Melero; Carmen Jiménez-Ceinos Journal: J Med Case Rep Date: 2012-11-21