Ellen H Roels1, Michiel F Reneman2, Janneke Stolwijk-Swuste3, Charlotte C van Laake-Geelen4, Sonja de Groot5,6, Jacinthe J E Adriaansen3, Marcel W M Post2,3. 1. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Rehabilitation, Groningen, The Netherlands. e.h.roels@umcg.nl. 2. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Rehabilitation, Groningen, The Netherlands. 3. Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 4. Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, The Netherlands. 5. University of Groningen, Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 6. Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Multicentre, cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES: To describe the relationships between the presence of (different types of) pain and participation in paid work in people with long-standing spinal cord injury (SCI). Furthermore, the associations of pain-related work limitations, age, gender, relationship, education, lesion level, and time since injury (TSI) with work participation (WP) were investigated. SETTING: The Netherlands. METHODS: Individuals (n = 265) with SCI for ≥ 10 years were included. Data were collected through a structured consultation with a rehabilitation physician and self-report questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Median age of participants was 47.9 years, median time since injury was 22 years, 73% were male, 69% had complete SCI and 59% had paraplegia, 50% had paid work, 63% reported musculoskeletal pain, 49% reported neuropathic pain, and 31% reported other pain. Self-reported pain-related work limitations were significantly (V = 0.26 and V = 0.27) related to WP. In bivariable logistic regression analyses, no statistically significant relationships between type of pain and WP were observed. Younger age (OR=0.96), male gender (OR=0.52), a stable relationship (OR = 1.70), and shorter time since SCI (OR = 0.97) were significantly associated with a higher chance of being employed. Multivariable analysis confirmed these findings and in addition showed a higher level of education to be positively related with WP. CONCLUSION: Age, gender, relationship, education, TSI and self-reported work limitations showed a relationship with WP. Different types of pain were unrelated to WP. SPONSORSHIP: Fonds NutsOHRA through the Dutch Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), Project number 89000006.
STUDY DESIGN: Multicentre, cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES: To describe the relationships between the presence of (different types of) pain and participation in paid work in people with long-standing spinal cord injury (SCI). Furthermore, the associations of pain-related work limitations, age, gender, relationship, education, lesion level, and time since injury (TSI) with work participation (WP) were investigated. SETTING: The Netherlands. METHODS: Individuals (n = 265) with SCI for ≥ 10 years were included. Data were collected through a structured consultation with a rehabilitation physician and self-report questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Median age of participants was 47.9 years, median time since injury was 22 years, 73% were male, 69% had complete SCI and 59% had paraplegia, 50% had paid work, 63% reported musculoskeletal pain, 49% reported neuropathic pain, and 31% reported other pain. Self-reported pain-related work limitations were significantly (V = 0.26 and V = 0.27) related to WP. In bivariable logistic regression analyses, no statistically significant relationships between type of pain and WP were observed. Younger age (OR=0.96), male gender (OR=0.52), a stable relationship (OR = 1.70), and shorter time since SCI (OR = 0.97) were significantly associated with a higher chance of being employed. Multivariable analysis confirmed these findings and in addition showed a higher level of education to be positively related with WP. CONCLUSION: Age, gender, relationship, education, TSI and self-reported work limitations showed a relationship with WP. Different types of pain were unrelated to WP. SPONSORSHIP: Fonds NutsOHRA through the Dutch Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), Project number 89000006.
Authors: Martin B Forchheimer; J Scott Richards; Anthony E Chiodo; Thomas N Bryce; Trevor A Dyson-Hudson Journal: Arch Phys Med Rehabil Date: 2011-03 Impact factor: 3.966
Authors: R Mann; C Schaefer; A Sadosky; F Bergstrom; R Baik; B Parsons; S Nalamachu; B R Stacey; M Tuchman; A Anschel; E C Nieshoff Journal: Spinal Cord Date: 2013-04-16 Impact factor: 2.772
Authors: Ellen H Roels; Michiel F Reneman; Peter W New; Carlotte Kiekens; Lot Van Roey; Andrea Townson; Giorgio Scivoletto; Eimear Smith; Inge Eriks-Hoogland; Stefan Staubli; Marcel W M Post Journal: Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil Date: 2020