Wenlong Liu1, Qingxiang Zeng1, Lifeng Zhou1, Renzhong Luo1, Haipeng Dong2. 1. Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. 2. Department of Children Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of both obesity and allergic diseases in children has increased over the last several decades. However, the direct relationship between diverse allergic diseases and obesity has varied in different studies. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effect of obesity on the incidence and severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the possible key inflammation mediators during AR. METHODS: A total of 3126 healthy students (without chronic diseases) were recruited from 14 randomly selected secondary schools in Guangzhou, China. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage (PBF) were measured and compared. The effect of obesity indicators and leptin level (exposures) on the incidence (primary outcome) and severity of AR (secondary outcomes) was analyzed. Inflammatory markers were detected and compared among groups. RESULTS: The symptom score (9.5 ± 3.1 vs 8.2 ± 3.5, P < .05) and medication score (3.6 ± 1.6 vs 2.9 ± 1.8, P < .05) were significantly higher in obese children with AR than in non-obese children with AR. After adjusting for potential confounders, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the serum leptin concentration was significantly correlated with the levels of T-helper (TH) 2 cytokines (coefficient, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.05-0.91]), TH17 cytokines (coefficient, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.11-0.89]), and regulatory T-cell cytokines (IL-10, coefficient, -0.43 [95% CI, -0.02-0.65]; TGF-β, coefficient, -0.65 [95% CI, -0.06-1.35]) in patients with AR. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that obesity exacerbates inflammation and contributes to disease severity in AR. Our study provides evidence that leptin was involved in enhanced TH inflammation as well as the accumulation and activation of inflammatory cells in obese children with AR.
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of both obesity and allergic diseases in children has increased over the last several decades. However, the direct relationship between diverse allergic diseases and obesity has varied in different studies. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effect of obesity on the incidence and severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the possible key inflammation mediators during AR. METHODS: A total of 3126 healthy students (without chronic diseases) were recruited from 14 randomly selected secondary schools in Guangzhou, China. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage (PBF) were measured and compared. The effect of obesity indicators and leptin level (exposures) on the incidence (primary outcome) and severity of AR (secondary outcomes) was analyzed. Inflammatory markers were detected and compared among groups. RESULTS: The symptom score (9.5 ± 3.1 vs 8.2 ± 3.5, P < .05) and medication score (3.6 ± 1.6 vs 2.9 ± 1.8, P < .05) were significantly higher in obesechildren with AR than in non-obesechildren with AR. After adjusting for potential confounders, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the serum leptin concentration was significantly correlated with the levels of T-helper (TH) 2 cytokines (coefficient, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.05-0.91]), TH17 cytokines (coefficient, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.11-0.89]), and regulatory T-cell cytokines (IL-10, coefficient, -0.43 [95% CI, -0.02-0.65]; TGF-β, coefficient, -0.65 [95% CI, -0.06-1.35]) in patients with AR. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that obesity exacerbates inflammation and contributes to disease severity in AR. Our study provides evidence that leptin was involved in enhanced TH inflammation as well as the accumulation and activation of inflammatory cells in obesechildren with AR.
Authors: Mohammed Al-Ayed; Khalid Alshaybari; Dhafer Alshehri; Alzahrani Jamaan; Iman Nasser; Hamdan Alaamri; Wed Alaseeri; Ahmed A Mahfouz; Saeed Ali Alsareli; Ahmed Morad Asaad; Aamir Ali Magzoub; Mohamed Ansar Qureshi; Mohammed Helmy Shalayel Journal: Ann Saudi Med Date: 2019-10-03 Impact factor: 1.526