Victoria I Okhomina1, LáShauntá Glover2, Herman Taylor3, Mario Sims4. 1. Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. 2. Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson Heart Study, 350 W. Woodrow Wilson Drive, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA. 3. Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. 4. Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson Heart Study, 350 W. Woodrow Wilson Drive, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA. msims2@umc.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although discrimination among African Americans (AAs) has been linked to various health outcomes, few studies have examined associations of multiple measures of discrimination with prevalent subclinical disease in a large sample of AAs. OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations of measures of discrimination and coping responses to discrimination with prevalent subclinical disease among AAs in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS); and whether this association is modified by sex. METHODS: We examined the associations of everyday, lifetime, and burden of lifetime discrimination with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among 3029 AAs in the JHS. Prevalence ratios (PR 95% confidence interval-CI) and odds ratios (OR 95% CI) were estimated for above-median cIMT and LVH, respectfully, adjusting for demographic, behavioral, and clinical risk factors. RESULTS: No significant associations were found between everyday and lifetime discrimination and median cIMT and LVH. Participants who reported high (vs. no) burden of lifetime discrimination had a 48% reduced odds of LVH (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.29, 0.94) after full adjustment. There was evidence of effect modification by sex in the association of coping with everyday discrimination and LVH after full adjustment (p value for interaction < 0.01). Women who actively (vs. passively) coped with everyday discrimination had a greater odds of prevalent LVH (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.39, 4.46). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the manner by which AA women cope with discriminatory events is associated with subclinical disease.
BACKGROUND: Although discrimination among African Americans (AAs) has been linked to various health outcomes, few studies have examined associations of multiple measures of discrimination with prevalent subclinical disease in a large sample of AAs. OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations of measures of discrimination and coping responses to discrimination with prevalent subclinical disease among AAs in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS); and whether this association is modified by sex. METHODS: We examined the associations of everyday, lifetime, and burden of lifetime discrimination with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among 3029 AAs in the JHS. Prevalence ratios (PR 95% confidence interval-CI) and odds ratios (OR 95% CI) were estimated for above-median cIMT and LVH, respectfully, adjusting for demographic, behavioral, and clinical risk factors. RESULTS: No significant associations were found between everyday and lifetime discrimination and median cIMT and LVH. Participants who reported high (vs. no) burden of lifetime discrimination had a 48% reduced odds of LVH (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.29, 0.94) after full adjustment. There was evidence of effect modification by sex in the association of coping with everyday discrimination and LVH after full adjustment (p value for interaction < 0.01). Women who actively (vs. passively) coped with everyday discrimination had a greater odds of prevalent LVH (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.39, 4.46). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the manner by which AA women cope with discriminatory events is associated with subclinical disease.
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Authors: Michelle I Cardel; Xiaofei Chi; Yuan-I Min; Mario Sims; Solomon K Musani; Akilah Dulin; Clarence C Gravlee; Steven M Smith; Mark D DeBoer; Matthew J Gurka Journal: Ann Behav Med Date: 2021-03-20
Authors: Danielle L Beatty Moody; Daniel K Leibel; Elizabeth J Pantesco; Carrington R Wendell; Shari R Waldstein; Michele K Evans; Alan B Zonderman Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2020 Feb/Mar Impact factor: 3.864
Authors: LaPrincess C Brewer; Nicole Redmond; Joshua P Slusser; Christopher G Scott; Alanna M Chamberlain; Luc Djousse; Christi A Patten; Veronique L Roger; Mario Sims Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2018-06-05 Impact factor: 5.501
Authors: Joseph Lunyera; Clemontina A Davenport; Chandra L Jackson; Dayna A Johnson; Nrupen A Bhavsar; Mario Sims; Julia J Scialla; John W Stanifer; Jane Pendergast; Ciaran J McMullan; Ana C Ricardo; L Ebony Boulware; Clarissa J Diamantidis Journal: Kidney Int Rep Date: 2018-12-18
Authors: LáShauntá M Glover; Crystal W Cené; Alexander Reiner; Samson Gebreab; David R Williams; Kari E North; Mario Sims Journal: Healthcare (Basel) Date: 2021-05-28