Min Cao1, Lijuan Zheng2, Jianzhou Liu1, Thomas Dobleman3, Shen Hu4, Vay Liang W Go5, Ge Gao6, Gary Guishan Xiao7,8,9. 1. School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. 2. Geriatric Department of Stomatology, Dalian Stomatology Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China. 3. Genomics and Functional Proteomics Laboratories, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA. 4. School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. 5. UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 900 Veteran Avenue, Warren Hall 13-146, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1786, USA. 6. Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China. 7. School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. gxiao@dlut.edu.cn. 8. Genomics and Functional Proteomics Laboratories, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA. gxiao@dlut.edu.cn. 9. UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 900 Veteran Avenue, Warren Hall 13-146, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1786, USA. gxiao@dlut.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OC) are life-threatening diseases emerging as major international health concerns. OBJECTIVE: Development of an efficient clinical strategy for early diagnosis of the disease is a key for reducing the death rate. Biomarkers are proven to be an effective approach for clinical diagnosis of cancer. Although mechanisms underlying regulation of oral malignancy are still unclear, microRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of small non-coded RNAs may be developed as the effective biomarkers used for early detection of oral cancer. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The following search terms were used: miRNAs and oral cancer or oral carcinoma. A critical appraisal of the included studies was performed with upregulated miRNAs and downregulated miRNAs in oral cancer. RESULTS: In this review, we summarize the research progress made in miRNAs for diagnosis of oral cancer. The involvement of miRNAs identified in signal transduction pathways in OC, including Ras/MAPK signaling, PI3K/AKT signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Notch signaling, and TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: A number of studies demonstrated that miRNAs may be developed as an ideal set of biomarkers used for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancers because of the stability in human peripheral blood and body fluids and availability of non-invasive approaches being developed for clinical utility. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that miRNAs as biomarkers may be useful for diagnosis of OC.
BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OC) are life-threatening diseases emerging as major international health concerns. OBJECTIVE: Development of an efficient clinical strategy for early diagnosis of the disease is a key for reducing the death rate. Biomarkers are proven to be an effective approach for clinical diagnosis of cancer. Although mechanisms underlying regulation of oral malignancy are still unclear, microRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of small non-coded RNAs may be developed as the effective biomarkers used for early detection of oral cancer. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The following search terms were used: miRNAs and oral cancer or oral carcinoma. A critical appraisal of the included studies was performed with upregulated miRNAs and downregulated miRNAs in oral cancer. RESULTS: In this review, we summarize the research progress made in miRNAs for diagnosis of oral cancer. The involvement of miRNAs identified in signal transduction pathways in OC, including Ras/MAPK signaling, PI3K/AKT signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Notch signaling, and TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: A number of studies demonstrated that miRNAs may be developed as an ideal set of biomarkers used for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancers because of the stability in human peripheral blood and body fluids and availability of non-invasive approaches being developed for clinical utility. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that miRNAs as biomarkers may be useful for diagnosis of OC.
Entities:
Keywords:
Biomarkers; Early diagnosis; Oral cancer; Pathogenesis; miRNA biology
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