Mükerrem Betül Yerer1, Anupam Bishayee2. 1. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Erciyes, Kayseri 38039, Turkey. eczbetul@yahoo.com. 2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA. abishayee@ularkin.org.
Abstract
Scientific experts from eight countries gathered[...].
Scientific experts from eight countries gathered[...].
Scientific experts from eight countries gathered to share their views and experience on the latest research on natural products for cancer prevention and therapy. The traditionally used herbal medicines, medicinal plants, plant extracts, fractions, and phytochemicals for cancer prevention and therapy were discussed throughout the meeting. The scientific program comprised of 12 plenary lectures, 23 oral presentations, and 72 posters, providing an opportunity for more than 130 natural product scientists to present their research in three days. Abstracts for plenary talks, oral presentations, and posters were published as proceedings of the meeting in the special issue of Proceedings, Volume 1 and Issue 10 (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10). The aim of this biannual meeting was to foster discussion and disseminate the results of the research on natural products that are used for cancer prevention and therapy. During the meeting, the scientific committee members of the meeting who attended the conference had been selected as judges to evaluate all of the oral and poster presentations and the three best oral and poster presentation awards have been granted to the young scientists. The participants were able to network and engage in discussion for potential collaboration to advance our knowledge on utility of natural products for prevention and treatment of cancer.
2. Summary of the Scientific Presentations
2.1. Plenary Lectures
The meeting was successfully focused on the natural products being investigated for their efficiency in several cancer types and for their potency in cancer prevention. Only the plenary lectures have been summarized here in this manuscript, and all of the other oral and poster presentations have been listed where the abstracts can be reached from http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10.
2.1.1. Growth Factors Responsible from the Cancer Progress: Role of Natural Products
Mükerrem Betül Yerer
Growth factors are one of the main factors responsible from the uncontrolled cell progress in cancer. Up to date many scientists have focused on these factors either as the marker or as the targets in several cancer types. Yerer has presented a plenary lecture on the natural products targeting these factors (Nerve growth factor (NGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factors (HGF), fibroblast growth factors (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/979) [1].
2.1.2. Natural Products for Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Progress, Pitfalls and Promise
Anupam Bishayee
The presentation of Bishayee highlighted studies on cancer preventive and therapeutic attributes of various naturally occurring agents and underlying mechanisms of action, with special emphasis on results reported from our laboratory. Current limitations, challenges, and future directions of research for successful cancer drug development based on natural products will also be discussed (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/982) [2].
2.1.3. Novel Anticancer Capacities of Saffron
Amr Amin
Amr Amin has presented a plenary lecture on the anticancer effects of the saffron’s main active ingredient “safranal” against HCC using in vitro, in silico, and network analyses. In their studies, in addition to the unique and differential cell cycle arrest, safranal showed pro-apoptotic effect through activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic initiator caspases implicating ER stress-mediated apoptosis (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/834) [3].
2.1.4. Cardiac Glycosides as Novel Modulators of Cancer Cell Survival
Marc Diederich
This plenary lecture focused on Cardiac Glycosides (GCs) can be considered as pharmacological agents, allowing for cancer cells to switch from one cell death modality to another. All the findings encourage to further explore a potential for CGs in general as cancer cell death modulators alone or in combination with other targeted treatments (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/972) [4].
2.1.5. Ins and Outs of Flavonoids in Cancer Prevention vs. Cancer Therapy: A Lesson from Quercetin in Leukemia
Gian Luigi Russo, Maria Russo, Carmela Spagnuolo, Idolo Tedesco, Stefania Moccia
Russo et al. has critically reviewed the clinical and pre-clinical studies on the concept that polyphenols, being antioxidant compounds, can fight cancer. They suggest that a clear distinction must be done between the use of polyphenols, such as flavonoids, in cancer treatment versus cancer prevention, starting from adequate and specifically selected cellular models. As an example, he has present data on the potential application of quercetin against chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/977) [5].
2.1.6. Anticancer Potential of Flavones
Randolph RJ Arroo, Didem Şöhretoğlu, Demetrios A Spandidos, Vasilis P Androutsopoulos
Flavones are abundantly present in common fruits and vegetables, many of which have been associated with cancer prevention. Taking into account that no flavonoid based drugs are clinically used in cancer therapy, Randolph has focused on the flavones—which constitute a subgroup of the flavonoids—show some structural analogy with estrogen, and are known to interact with human estrogen receptors, either as agonist or as antagonist. Thus, whereas epidemiological and pre-clinical data seem to indicate a high potential for flavonoids, from the point of view of the pharmaceutical industry and drug developers, they are considered poor candidates (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/975) [6].
2.1.7. Resveratrol in Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Focusing on Molecular Targets and Mechanism of Action
Adriano Borriello
The relevance of these mechanisms and their translation in clinical therapy has been discussed in Borelli’s plenary lecture. Resveratrol and its mechanism of action has been emphasized by her in cancer cells and in experimental models of senescence, inflammation, obesity, and metabolic diseases. Its molecular targets act at different levels: (1) specific molecular pathways (like p53, NF-kappaB, PKC, PI3K, MDM2, LATS1, STK3 and several others); (2) epigenetic control of gene transcription through sirtuin activation; (3) cell division cycle and differentiation; (4) apoptosis and autophagy; and, (5) cellular redox homeostasis (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/976) [7].
2.1.8. Cynaropicrin: A Promising Natural Agent with Antitumor and Antiviral Activities
Mahmoud F. Elsebai, Jukka Hakkola, Mohamed Mehiri, Juana Diez
Humaninfection with HCV is currently recognized as the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which demands liver transplantation, which was estimated to result in ∼10,000 deaths in the US only in the year 2011. Elsebai has presented a plenary lecture on cynaropicrin as a potential agent for treatment and prevention of HCC by indirect way through inhibition of HCV and in a direct way evidenced by the many antitumor activities in literature (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/974) [8].
2.1.9. Relationship between Structure of Phenolics and Anticancer Activity
Müberra Koşar
Many phenolic compounds have been investigated for their potential use as cancer chemopreventive agents. Phenolic compounds consist of one or more hydroxyl substitution on the aromatic ring system. Koşar has emphasized that Cinnamic acid esters, such as caffeic acid phenethyl and benzyl esters, display selective antiproliferative activity against some types of cancer cells. Flavonoids consist of a large group of polyphenolic compounds having a benzo-𝛾-pyrone structure, and are ubiquitously present in plants. This structure can be responsible from the anticancer acitvities of these compounds (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/978) [9].
2.1.10. Pristimerin is a Promising Natural Product against Breast Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo through Apoptosis and the Blockage of Autophagic Flux
Buse Cevatemre, Konstantinos Dimas, Bruno Botta and Engin Ulukaya
Ulukaya has given a lecture on the pristimerin’s cytotoxic potential on particularly cancer stem cells (CSCs) should be much more important due to the CSCs’ recent role in recurrence of cancer. He has presented their studies on Pristimerin that has been shown to suppress the proliferation of various cancer cell lines at relatively lower concentrations, of which, the IC50 values are around 0.5–4 μM (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/973) [10].
2.1.11. Can Curcumin Be Employed to Promote the Integration of Oncology and Natural Products?
Mutlu Demiray and Fatemeh Bahadori
Curcumin is multi-targeted molecule with pleotropic nature, which inhibits NF-κB and related proteins promoting effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Demiray has presented their clinical studies with curcumin on adenoid cystic carcinoma where they have treated patients for 72 months by oral curcumin and eight months by i.v curcumin. Disease control rate was 89.3% (15/17), and no any grade III-IV toxicities was observed related to curcumin reflecting the clinical use of curcumin on adenoid cystic carcinomapatients (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/980) [11].
2.1.12. Therapeutic Potential of Black Pepper Compound for BRaf Resistant Melanoma
Neel M. Fofaria, Sharavan Ramachandran, and Sanjay K. Srivastava
Srivastava’s presentation mainly focused on the combination of BRAF inhibitors with Mcl-1 inhibitor such as piperlongumine may have therapeutic advantage to melanomapatients with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors alone or in combination with MEK1/2 inhibitors (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/981) [12].
3. Author Affiliations
Abdurrahim Kocyigit, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Sarıyer, TurkeyAdemi Fahri Pirhan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyAdnan Ayhanci, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, TurkeyAdriana Borriello, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, ItalyAhmet Baysar, Department of Chemical Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, TurkeyAhmet Cumaoglu, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAhmet Savran, Department of Arts and Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, TurkeyAjda Çoker-Gürkan, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyAli Karagoz, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyAmr Amin, Biology Department, UAE University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesAnupam Bishayee, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, USAArzu Atalay, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyAsuman Bozkir, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyAyhan Altıntaş, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, TurkeyAynur Işık, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyAyse Baldemir, Department of Pharmaceutical botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAyse Nalbantsoy, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyAysun Adan, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, TurkeyAysun Ökçesiz, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAyşe Eken, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAyşe Kübra Karaboğa Arslan, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAyşe Nur Oktay, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyAyşe Zeynep Ünal, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyAyşenur Gök, Ankara Unıversıty, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara, TurkeyBasseem Radwan, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyBayram Goçmen, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyBelma Aslım, Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Teknikokullar, Ankara, TurkeyBenjamin-Florian Hempel, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universitat Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, GermanyBeraat Özçelik, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyBerrin Tunca, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyBeste Yurdacan, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle, Bursa, TurkeyBijen Kıvçak, Deparment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, TurkeyBilge Debelec-Butuner, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyBruno Botta, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma, ItalyBurak Durmaz, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University, TurkeyBurcu Somtürk Yılmaz, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyBurçin Türkmenoğlu, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyBuse Cevatemre, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyBüşra Şen, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyBüşra Teke, Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyCanan Eroğlu, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyCanan Türkoğlu, Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Life Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyCarmela Spagnuolo, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, ItalyÇiğdem Yücel, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyDamla Akogullari, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyDaniel Petras, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universitat Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, GermanyDemetrios A. Spandidos, Department of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete GR, GreeceDidar Tasdemir, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyDidem Şöhretoğlu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe Unıversıty, Ankara, TurkeyDilek Asci Celik, Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, TurkeyDilek Ceylan, Genome and Stem Cell Center, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, TurkeyEbru Avcı, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyEbru Öztürk, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyEfe Kurtdede, Ankara, TurkeyElgin Turkoz Uluer, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyElif Damla Arısan, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyElif Dündar, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, TurkeyEmin Sarıpınar, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyEmine Akalın Uruşak, Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyEmir Tosun, Department of Chemical Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, TurkeyEngin Ulukaya, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, TurkeyErcan Kurar, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyErcüment Ölmez, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyErdal Bedir, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, TurkeyErem Bilensoy, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyEren Demirpolat, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyErkan Yilmaz, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyEser Yıldırım Sözmen, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University, TurkeyEsma Purut, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TurkeyEsra Köngül, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyEsra Küpeli Akkol, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyEvren Demircan, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyEzgi Balkan, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, TurkeyFatemeh Bahadori, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, TurkeyFatih Çöllü, Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFatma Esin Kırık, Department of Medicinal Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, TurkeyFatma Firat, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFeyzan Özdal Kurt, Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Life Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFulya Tugba Artun, Institute of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyFunda Karbancıoğlu-Güler, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, Sarıyer, TurkeyFunda Kosova, Faculty of Health Science, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFunda Nuray Yalçın, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyGamze Güney Eskiler, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, TurkeyGian Luigi Russo Russo, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, ItalyGonca Dönmez, Department of Medicinal Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, TurkeyGorkem Kısmalı, Ankara, TurkeyGökçe Şeker Karatoprak, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of PharmacognosyGözde Girgin, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyGul Ozcan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyGulay Melikoglu, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyGuzide Satır Basaran, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyGülen Melike Demir, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyGüliz Armagan, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, TurkeyGülşah Albayrak, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyGülşah Çeçener, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle, Bursa, TurkeyGülşen Akalın Çiftçi, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, TurkeyH. Fatih Gul, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyH. Gul Dursun, Medical Biology Department, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyH. Seda Vatansever, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyHakkı Taştan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyHarun Ülger, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyHasibe Vural, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyHatice Bekci, Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyHatice Kalkan Yıldırım, Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, TurkeyHatice Susar, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyHatice Yildirim, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Balikesir University, Balikesir, TurkeyHikmet Memmedov, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University, TurkeyHilal Kabadayı, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyHulusi Malyer, Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Art, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyHuzeyfe Huriyet, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyHülya Birinci, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyHanifi Ozercan, Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazıg, TurkeyIbrahim Turan, Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, GumushaneUniversity, Gumushane, TurkeyIclal Saracoglu, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, TurkeyIlknur Cinar, Medical Biology Department, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyIsmail Hakki Akgun, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyIsmail Ocsoy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyIşıl Aydemir, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, TurkeyIşıl Ezgi Eryılmaz, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkeyİbrahim Çakir, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkeyİbrahim Tuğlu, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical of Faculty, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkeyİlhan Özer İlhan, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkeyİsmail Sari, Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkeyİsmail Tuncer Değim, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, Topkapı, İstanbul, TurkeyJuana Diez, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SpainJukka Hakkola, Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Institute of Biomedicne, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandKaan Adacan, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyKadriye Nur Kasapoğlu, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyKamil Vural, Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyKemal Özbilgin, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyKemal Sami Korkmaz, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyKonstantinos Dimas, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GreeceKübra Uzun, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyLatife Merve Oktay, Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, TurkeyLeyla Paşayeva, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyMahmoud F. Elsebai, Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptMahmud Özkut, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMarc Diederich, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaMaria usso, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, ItalyMehmet Berköz, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, TurkeyMehmet İbrahim Tuğlu, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMehmet Zülfü Yildiz, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, TurkeyMehtap Nisari, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyMelike Ozgul, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMeltem Ceylan-Ünlüsoy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyMert Burak Ozturk, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyMert Ilhan, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, İstanbul, TurkeyMerve Alpay, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Düzce, TurkeyMerve Çelik Tekeli, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyMerve Çelik, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, TurkeyMerve Karaman, Department of Biology, Balikesir University, Balikesir, TurkeyMerve Uğur, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, TurkeyMetin Yıldırım, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, TurkeyMirosław Krośniak, Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, PolandMohamed Mehiri, Nice, FranceMustafa Cengiz, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Education Faculty, Siirt University, Siirt, TurkeyMustafa Nisari, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nuh Naci Yazgan, Kayseri, TurkeyMustafa Öztatlıcı, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMutlu Demiray, Department of Medical Oncology, KTO Karatay University, Konya, TurkeyMüberra Koşar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimağusa, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, TurkeyMükerrem Betül Yerer, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyMüzeyyen Demirel, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Tepebaşı, TurkeyN. Nalan İmamoğlu, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyNalan Özdemir, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Talas Street, Kayseri, TurkeyNarçın Palavan-Ünsal, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyNazım Bozan, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, TurkeyNecip Ilhan, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyNeel M. Fofaria, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USANeriman İnanç, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nuh Naci Yazgan, Kayseri, TurkeyNevin Çelebi, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyNevin Ilhan, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazıg, TurkeyNilgun Gurbuz, Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, TurkeyNilufer Cinkilic, Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyNur Selvi, Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, TurkeyNurcan Silahtarlıoğlu, Graduate School Natural Applied Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyNurhayat Sutlupinar, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyO. Faruk Kirlangic, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Balikesir University, Balikesir, TurkeyOguzhan Tatar, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyOktay Özkan, Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, TurkeyOnur Bender, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyOnur Kaya, Graduate School Natural Applied Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyOruc Allahverdiyev, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, TurkeyOsman Oğuz, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, TurkeyOsman Tugay, Department of Biology Program of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Selcuk University, Konya, TurkeyOsman Üstün, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyOya Bozdağ-Dündar, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyOzer Yılmaz, Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyOzgun Teksoy, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, TurkeyOzgur Tag, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyOzgur Vatan, Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyÖmer Taş, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyÖzge Al, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyÖzge Güzel, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, TurkeyÖzge Rencüzoğulları, Atakoy Campus, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, TurkeyÖzlem Temiz-Arpacı, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyPelin Taştan, Deparment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, TurkeyPelin Toros, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyPerihan Gürbüz, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyPetek Ballar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyPınar Atalay Dündar, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyPınar İkiz, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyPınar K. Sönmez, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyPınar Kılıçaslan Sönmez, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyPınar Obakan-Yerlikaya, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyPınar Özden, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyPinar K. Sönmez, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyRana Kavurmacı, Department of Advanced Technology, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TurkeyRandolph R. J. Arroo, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKRecep Eröz, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Düzce, TurkeyRemzi Soner Cengiz, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, TurkeyRemziye Kendirci, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyRenata Francik, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, PolandRoderich D. Süssmuth, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universitat Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, GermanyRojen Geylan, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, TurkeyRuziye Daşkın, Botany Dept., Faculty of Science and Letters, Uludağ University, Bursa, TurkeyS. Kerem Aydin, Sirri Yircali Anatolian High School, Balikesir, TurkeySanjay K. Srivastava, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USASeda Duman, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, TurkeySeda Şirin, Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Teknikokullar, Ankara, TurkeySedat Ünal, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologySeher Dalgic, Sirri Yircali Anatolian High School, Balikesir, TurkeySeher Yılmaz, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Bozok University, Yozgat, TurkeySelda Eren, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySelen İlgün, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySelim Demir, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, TurkeySema Misir, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, TurkeySenem Akkoç, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySerap Yalcin, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TurkeySerap Yalın, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, TurkeySevil Albayrak, Biology Department, Science Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySevinç İnan, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeySevtap Çağlar Yavuz, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySeyhan Altun, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TurkeySezin Anil, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeySharavan Ramachandran, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USASibel Gunes, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, TurkeySibel İlbasmiş Tamer, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeySinem Yılmaz, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeySolmaz Susam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyStefania Moccia, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, ItalySuheyl Furkan Konca, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySukran Kultur, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeySumeyra Cetinkaya, Medical Biology Department, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeySuna Sabuncuoğlu, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeySuna Sayğılı, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyŞamil Öztürk, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyŞebnem Kurhan, Novel Food Technologies Development, Application and Research Center, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, TurkeyTaner Dağcı, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, TurkeyTerken Baydar, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyTevhide Sel, Ankara Unıversıty, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, TurkeyTolga Cavas, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyTolga Ertekin, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Kocatepe University, Afyon, TurkeyTuna Onal, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyU. Sebnem Harput, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyÜnal Egeli, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyVarol Sahinturk, Vocational School of Health Services, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, TurkeyVasilis P. Androutsopoulos, Department of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete GR, GreeceVeysel Kayser, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaVildan Betül Yenigun, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, TurkeyYalcin Erzurumlu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyYasemin Tekin, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, TurkeyYasin Genc, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyYeşim Aktaş, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyYuksel Aliyazicioglu, Medicinal Plants, Traditional Medicine Practice and Research Center, Gumushane University, Gumushane, TurkeyYüksel Öğünç, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, TurkeyZerrin Seller, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, TurkeyZeynep Dogan, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey