Michaël Schwarzinger1, Jürgen Rehm2, Vincent Mallet3. 1. Translational Health Economics Network (THEN), Paris, France; Infection Antimicrobials Modeling & Evolution (IAME), UMR 1137, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France. Electronic address: michael.schwarzinger@transhealthecon.net. 2. Social and Epidemiological Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Addiction Policy, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. 3. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unité 1223, Paris, France; Hepatology Service, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Cochin Port-Royal, Paris, France.