Landmark lecture on interventional cardiology: interventional cardiac catheterisation for CHD: the past, present, and the future.

CHD affects millions of patients worldwide. Interventional therapies for CHD goes back to the mid-1960s when Bill Rashkind performed balloon atrial septostomy on a cyanotic baby with transposition of the great vessels. This was followed by development of balloon catheters to perform balloon valvuloplasties and angioplasties in the early to late 1980s. Although King and Mills performed the first transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defect in the mid-1970s, this procedure was better realised in the mid-1990s. More intracardiac defect closures were performed in the late 1990s and early 2000. This brings us to the current era of percutaneous valve implantation as developed by Bonhoeffer. In this paper, we will discuss the past, present, and future of interventional cardiac catheterisation for CHD patients.