Does Weight Reduction Affect Foot Structure and the Strength of the Muscles That Move the Ankle in Obese Japanese Adults?

Obesity is considered a major influential factor of foot structure and function. It has been reported to result in detrimental alterations of foot structure indicators and a decrease in muscle strength, which can lower the quality of life and increase the morbidity of obesity. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of weight reduction on foot structure and the strength of the muscles that move the ankle in obese adults. A total of 33 obese Japanese participants (mean body mass index 28.49 ± 2.87 kg/m2) without an exercise habit participated in a 12-week dietary modification program. Their foot structure indicators were measured using a 3-dimensional foot scanner, and the strength of the muscles that move the ankle was assessed using a dynamometer. After the dietary modification, the mean body weight reduction was 7.49 ± 4.10 kg (9.38%; 77.82 ± 13.26 kg before and 70.33 ± 11.37 kg after; p <.001). The wide foot indicators, including the forefoot girth, rearfoot width, and instep girth, had decreased significantly (p <.05), and the decreases correlated positively with the weight reduction. Regarding the strength of the muscles that move the ankle, except for dorsiflexion, all the measured peak torque values per body weight had increased significantly (p <.01). These results suggest that the weight reduction induced by a 12-week dietary modification results in thinner feet and increased strength of the muscles that move the ankle.