Verena Pichler1, Romeo Bellini2, Rodolfo Veronesi2, Daniele Arnoldi3, Annapaola Rizzoli3, Riccardo Paolo Lia4, Domenico Otranto4, Fabrizio Montarsi5, Sara Carlin5, Marco Ballardini6, Elisa Antognini7, Marco Salvemini8, Emanuele Brianti9, Gabriella Gaglio9, Mattia Manica1,3, Pietro Cobre1, Paola Serini1, Enkelejda Velo10, John Vontas11,12, Ilias Kioulos11, Joao Pinto13, Alessandra Della Torre1, Beniamino Caputo1. 1. Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 2. Department of Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", Crevalcore, Italy. 3. Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy. 4. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy. 5. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. 6. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy. 7. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche, Ancona, Italy. 8. Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. 9. Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy. 10. Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania. 11. Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 12. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece. 13. Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Aedes albopictus has spread during the last few decades all over the world. This has increased significantly the risk of exotic arbovirus transmission (e.g. chikungunya, dengue, and Zika) also in temperate areas, as demonstrated by the Chikungunya 2007 and 2017 outbreaks in northeastern and central Italy. Insecticides are an important tool for limiting the circulation of these mosquito-borne viruses. The aim of the present study was to address the gap in current knowledge of pyrethroid insecticide resistance of European Ae. albopictus populations, focusing on populations from Italy, Albania and Greece. RESULTS: Bioassays for resistance to permethrin (0.75%), α-cypermethrin (0.05%) or deltamethrin (0.05%) were performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) protocols and showed reduced susceptibility (<90% mortality) of some Italian populations to permethrin and α-cypermethrin, but not to deltamethrin. CONCLUSION: This study reports the first evidence of resistance to pyrethroids in adult Italian Ae. albopictus populations. Results refer to the season preceding the Chikungunya 2017 outbreak in central Italy and highlight the need to increase efforts to monitor the spread of insecticide resistance and the need to develop strategies to limit the spread of insecticide resistance, particularly in areas where extensive treatments have been carried out to contain disease outbreaks.
BACKGROUND:Aedes albopictus has spread during the last few decades all over the world. This has increased significantly the risk of exotic arbovirus transmission (e.g. chikungunya, dengue, and Zika) also in temperate areas, as demonstrated by the Chikungunya 2007 and 2017 outbreaks in northeastern and central Italy. Insecticides are an important tool for limiting the circulation of these mosquito-borne viruses. The aim of the present study was to address the gap in current knowledge of pyrethroid insecticide resistance of European Ae. albopictus populations, focusing on populations from Italy, Albania and Greece. RESULTS: Bioassays for resistance to permethrin (0.75%), α-cypermethrin (0.05%) or deltamethrin (0.05%) were performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) protocols and showed reduced susceptibility (<90% mortality) of some Italian populations to permethrin and α-cypermethrin, but not to deltamethrin. CONCLUSION: This study reports the first evidence of resistance to pyrethroids in adult Italian Ae. albopictus populations. Results refer to the season preceding the Chikungunya 2017 outbreak in central Italy and highlight the need to increase efforts to monitor the spread of insecticide resistance and the need to develop strategies to limit the spread of insecticide resistance, particularly in areas where extensive treatments have been carried out to contain disease outbreaks.
Authors: Ashley J Janich; Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez; Farah Z Vera-Maloof; Rebekah C Kading; Américo D Rodríguez; Patricia Penilla-Navarro; Alma D López-Solis; Francisco Solis-Santoyo; Rushika Perera; William C Black Journal: J Med Entomol Date: 2021-03-12 Impact factor: 2.278
Authors: Taylor C Clarkson; Ashley J Janich; Irma Sanchez-Vargas; Erin D Markle; Megan Gray; John R Foster; William C Black Iv; Brian D Foy; Ken E Olson Journal: Insects Date: 2021-04-27 Impact factor: 2.769