M P A Hoeks1,2, R A Middelburg1,2, B Romeijn3, N M A Blijlevens4, M G J van Kraaij1,3,5, J J Zwaginga1,6. 1. Center for Clinical Transfusion Research, Sanquin Research, Leiden, The Netherlands. 2. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Hematology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 5. Unit Transfusion Medicine, Sanquin Blood Bank, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 6. Department of Immuno-hematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Evidence-based guidelines on optimal triggers for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in patients with haematological malignancies exist, but the evidence is weak. Secondary iron overload is an often overlooked chronic complication of RBC transfusions, and also here, guidelines are either lacking or lack international consensus. Our aim was to evaluate the triggers for RBC transfusion support and management of secondary iron overload among haematologists in the Netherlands. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, all haematologists and haematologists in training in the Netherlands were sent a web-based, 25-question survey including three clinical scenarios. The survey distribution took place between 19 November 2015 and 26 January 2016. RESULTS: Seventy-seven responses were received (24%), well distributed among community and university hospitals. A wide variation in haemoglobin triggers existed: 5·6-9·5 g/dl (median: 8·0 g/dl). Personalization of this trigger was mostly based on (estimated) cardiopulmonary compensation capacity of patients. About 65% of respondents reported two RBC units per transfusion episode (range 1-3). For monitoring secondary iron overload, serum ferritin was most frequently measured (97%), while a value of 1000-1500 μg/l was the most common cut-off to initiate treatment (39%). For 81% of respondents, phlebotomies were the first choice of treatment, although often the haemoglobin level was considered a limiting factor. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm large reported variation in daily practice among haematologists in the Netherlands regarding RBC transfusion support and management of secondary iron overload. Future studies providing better evidence are needed to improve guidelines specific for patients with haematological malignancies.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Evidence-based guidelines on optimal triggers for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in patients with haematological malignancies exist, but the evidence is weak. Secondary iron overload is an often overlooked chronic complication of RBC transfusions, and also here, guidelines are either lacking or lack international consensus. Our aim was to evaluate the triggers for RBC transfusion support and management of secondary iron overload among haematologists in the Netherlands. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, all haematologists and haematologists in training in the Netherlands were sent a web-based, 25-question survey including three clinical scenarios. The survey distribution took place between 19 November 2015 and 26 January 2016. RESULTS: Seventy-seven responses were received (24%), well distributed among community and university hospitals. A wide variation in haemoglobin triggers existed: 5·6-9·5 g/dl (median: 8·0 g/dl). Personalization of this trigger was mostly based on (estimated) cardiopulmonary compensation capacity of patients. About 65% of respondents reported two RBC units per transfusion episode (range 1-3). For monitoring secondary iron overload, serum ferritin was most frequently measured (97%), while a value of 1000-1500 μg/l was the most common cut-off to initiate treatment (39%). For 81% of respondents, phlebotomies were the first choice of treatment, although often the haemoglobin level was considered a limiting factor. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm large reported variation in daily practice among haematologists in the Netherlands regarding RBC transfusion support and management of secondary iron overload. Future studies providing better evidence are needed to improve guidelines specific for patients with haematological malignancies.