I A Lapovok1, A E Lopatukhin1, D E Kireev1, E V Kazennova2, A V Lebedev2, M R Bobkova2, A N Kolomeets3, G I Turbina4, G A Shipulin1, N N Ladnaya1, V V Pokrovsky1. 1. Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Moscow, Russia. 2. D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia. 3. Omsk Research Institute of Natural Focal Infections, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Moscow, Russia. 4. Lipetsk Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Lipetsk, Russia.
Abstract
AIM: To simultaneously analyze HIV-1 samples from all Russian regions to characterize the epidemiology of HIV infection in the country as a whole. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The most extensive study was conducted to examine nucleotide sequences of the pol gene of HIV-1 samples isolated from HIV-positive persons in different regions of Russia, with the diagnosis date being fixed during 1987-2015. The nucleotide sequences of the HIV-1 genome were analyzed using computer programs and on-line applications to identify a virus subtype and new recombinant forms. RESULTS: The nucleotide sequences of the pol gene were analyzed in 1697 HIV-1 samples and the findings were that the genetic variant subtype A1 (IDU-A) was dominant throughout the entire territory of Russia (in more than 80% of all infection cases). Other virus variants circulating in Russia were analyzed; the phenomenon of the higher distribution of the recombinant form CRF63/02A in Siberia, which had been previously described in the literature, was also confirmed. Four new recombinant forms generated by the virus subtype A1 (IDU-A) and B and two AG recombinant forms were found. There was a larger genetic distance between the viruses of IDU-A variant circulating among the injecting drug users and those infected through heterosexual contact, as well as a change in the viruses of subtype G that caused the outbreak in the south of the country over time in 1988-1989. CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate continuous HIV-1 genetic variability and recombination over time in Russia, as well as increased genetic diversity with higher HIV infection rates in the population.
AIM: To simultaneously analyze HIV-1 samples from all Russian regions to characterize the epidemiology of HIV infection in the country as a whole. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The most extensive study was conducted to examine nucleotide sequences of the pol gene of HIV-1 samples isolated from HIV-positive persons in different regions of Russia, with the diagnosis date being fixed during 1987-2015. The nucleotide sequences of the HIV-1 genome were analyzed using computer programs and on-line applications to identify a virus subtype and new recombinant forms. RESULTS: The nucleotide sequences of the pol gene were analyzed in 1697 HIV-1 samples and the findings were that the genetic variant subtype A1 (IDU-A) was dominant throughout the entire territory of Russia (in more than 80% of all infection cases). Other virus variants circulating in Russia were analyzed; the phenomenon of the higher distribution of the recombinant form CRF63/02A in Siberia, which had been previously described in the literature, was also confirmed. Four new recombinant forms generated by the virus subtype A1 (IDU-A) and B and two AG recombinant forms were found. There was a larger genetic distance between the viruses of IDU-A variant circulating among the injecting drug users and those infected through heterosexual contact, as well as a change in the viruses of subtype G that caused the outbreak in the south of the country over time in 1988-1989. CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate continuous HIV-1 genetic variability and recombination over time in Russia, as well as increased genetic diversity with higher HIV infection rates in the population.
Entities:
Keywords:
HIV-1; phylogenetic analysis; pol gene; recombinant; subtype
Authors: D E Kireev; V P Chulanov; G A Shipulin; A V Semenov; E V Tivanova; N M Kolyasnikova; E B Zueva; V V Pokrovskiy; C Galli Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2021-01-07 Impact factor: 3.090
Authors: Anna Kuznetsova; Aleksey Lebedev; Konstantin Gromov; Elena Kazennova; Maurizio Zazzi; Francesca Incardona; Anders Sönnerborg; Marina Bobkova Journal: Clin Case Rep Date: 2022-02-03
Authors: Madita Schlösser; Vladimir V Kartashev; Visa H Mikkola; Andrey Shemshura; Sergey Saukhat; Dmitriy Kolpakov; Alexandr Suladze; Tatiana Tverdokhlebova; Katharina Hutt; Eva Heger; Elena Knops; Michael Böhm; Veronica Di Cristanziano; Rolf Kaiser; Anders Sönnerborg; Maurizio Zazzi; Marina Bobkova; Saleta Sierra Journal: Viruses Date: 2020-04-22 Impact factor: 5.048