S Basili1, V Raparelli2, L Napoleone2, G Talerico1, G R Corazza3, F Perticone4, D Sacerdoti5, A Andriulli6, A Licata7, A Pietrangelo8, A Picardi9, G Raimondo10, F Violi1. 1. Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 2. Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 3. Clinica Medica I, Department of Internal Medicine S. Matteo, University Hospital Pavia, Pavia, Italy. 4. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. 5. Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. 6. Division of Gastroenterology, Casa Sollievo Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. 7. Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities, DIBIMIS, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. 8. Unit of Internal Medicine 2, Department of Medical and Surgical Science for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. 9. Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy. 10. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Thrombocytopenia is a hallmark for patients with cirrhosis and it is perceived as a risk factor for bleeding events. However, the relationship between platelet count and bleeding is still unclear. METHODS: We investigated the relationship between platelet count and major or clinical relevant nonmajor bleedings during a follow-up of ∼4 years. RESULTS: A total of 280 cirrhotic patients with different degrees of liver disease (67% males; age 64±37 years; 47% Child-Pugh B and C) were followed up for a median of 1,129 (interquartile range: 800-1,498) days yielding 953.12 patient-year of observation. The annual rate of any significant bleeding was 5.45%/year (3.57%/year and 1.89%/year for major and minor bleeding, respectively). Fifty-two (18.6%) patients experienced a major (n=34) or minor (n=18) bleeding event, predominantly from gastrointestinal origin. Platelet counts progressively decreased with the worsening of liver disease and were similar in patients with or without major or minor bleeding: a platelet count ≤50 × 103/μl was detected in 3 (6%) patients with and in 20 (9%) patients without any bleeding event. Conversely, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio was slightly higher in patients with overall or major bleeding. On Cox proportional hazard analysis, only a previous gastrointestinal bleeding (hazard ratio (HR): 1.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.11-3.47; P=0.020) and encephalopathy (HR: 2.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.16-3.62; P=0.013) independently predicted overall bleeding events. CONCLUSIONS: Platelet count does not predict unprovoked major or minor bleeding in cirrhotic patients.
OBJECTIVES:Thrombocytopenia is a hallmark for patients with cirrhosis and it is perceived as a risk factor for bleeding events. However, the relationship between platelet count and bleeding is still unclear. METHODS: We investigated the relationship between platelet count and major or clinical relevant nonmajor bleedings during a follow-up of ∼4 years. RESULTS: A total of 280 cirrhotic patients with different degrees of liver disease (67% males; age 64±37 years; 47% Child-Pugh B and C) were followed up for a median of 1,129 (interquartile range: 800-1,498) days yielding 953.12 patient-year of observation. The annual rate of any significant bleeding was 5.45%/year (3.57%/year and 1.89%/year for major and minor bleeding, respectively). Fifty-two (18.6%) patients experienced a major (n=34) or minor (n=18) bleeding event, predominantly from gastrointestinal origin. Platelet counts progressively decreased with the worsening of liver disease and were similar in patients with or without major or minor bleeding: a platelet count ≤50 × 103/μl was detected in 3 (6%) patients with and in 20 (9%) patients without any bleeding event. Conversely, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio was slightly higher in patients with overall or major bleeding. On Cox proportional hazard analysis, only a previous gastrointestinal bleeding (hazard ratio (HR): 1.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.11-3.47; P=0.020) and encephalopathy (HR: 2.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.16-3.62; P=0.013) independently predicted overall bleeding events. CONCLUSIONS: Platelet count does not predict unprovoked major or minor bleeding in cirrhotic patients.
Authors: Sven R Olson; Steven Koprowski; Justine Hum; Owen J T McCarty; Thomas G DeLoughery; Joseph J Shatzel Journal: Platelets Date: 2018-11-13 Impact factor: 3.862
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