High prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among children in Szolnok, Hungary.

We collected nasal samples from 1,390 healthy 3-7 years old children in Szolnok city, Hungary, in 2012. We detected 476 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 474 children. In two occasions, two different S. aureus were isolated, based on hemolysis type and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern. S. aureus carriage rate was calculated to be 34.1% similar to others studies. Male gender was found to be a risk factor for carriage by statistical analysis. Altogether, four methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were detected by mecA polymerase chain reaction, which means 0.8% community-acquired MRSA prevalence among the S. aureus isolates. All MRSA strains harbored the SCCmec type IV cassette (typical for CA-MRSA) and belonged to ST45 by multilocus sequence typing. During antibiotic susceptibility testing, we measured the following resistance rates: 0.0% for mupirocin, 0.2% for ciprofloxacin, 0.6% for gentamicin and oxacillin, 3.4% for tetracycline, 9.5% for clindamycin, 10.3% for erythromycin, and 91.4% for penicillin, which are generally lower compared with Hungarian clinical isolates.