Pekka Varje1,2, Anne Kouvonen3,4,5, Lauri Kokkinen6,7, Aki Koskinen6, Ari Väänänen6,8. 1. Work Disability Prevention Centre, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, 00032, Helsinki, Finland. pekka.varje@ttl.fi. 2. Department of Philosophy, History, Culture and Art Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. pekka.varje@ttl.fi. 3. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 4. SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland. 5. Administrative Data Research Centre Northern Ireland (ADRC-NI), Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK. 6. Work Disability Prevention Centre, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, 00032, Helsinki, Finland. 7. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland. 8. School of Social Policy, Sociology and Social Research, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the long-term changes and socioeconomic disparities in hospitalization for affective and neurotic disorders among the Finnish working-age population from 1976 to 2010. METHODS: Register-based study, consisting of a 5-year follow-up of 3,223,624 Finnish working-age (18-64-year old) individuals in seven consecutive cohorts. We calculated the hazard ratios of psychiatric hospitalization for different occupational classes using Cox regression models. RESULTS: The risk of hospitalization for affective and neurotic disorders increased in all occupational classes after the economic recession in the 1990s, and then decreased in the 2000s. Before the 2000s, the risk was the highest among manual workers. In the 2000s the disparities between upper-level non-manual employees and other occupational classes increased. Hospitalization rates remained high among female manual workers and non-manual lower-level employees. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed important similarities and differences between occupational classes in terms of long-term changes in hospitalization for affective and neurotic disorders. The results suggest that the labor market changes and healthcare reforms during the 1990s and 2000s in Finland have been more beneficial for higher than for lower occupational classes.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the long-term changes and socioeconomic disparities in hospitalization for affective and neurotic disorders among the Finnish working-age population from 1976 to 2010. METHODS: Register-based study, consisting of a 5-year follow-up of 3,223,624 Finnish working-age (18-64-year old) individuals in seven consecutive cohorts. We calculated the hazard ratios of psychiatric hospitalization for different occupational classes using Cox regression models. RESULTS: The risk of hospitalization for affective and neurotic disorders increased in all occupational classes after the economic recession in the 1990s, and then decreased in the 2000s. Before the 2000s, the risk was the highest among manual workers. In the 2000s the disparities between upper-level non-manual employees and other occupational classes increased. Hospitalization rates remained high among female manual workers and non-manual lower-level employees. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed important similarities and differences between occupational classes in terms of long-term changes in hospitalization for affective and neurotic disorders. The results suggest that the labor market changes and healthcare reforms during the 1990s and 2000s in Finland have been more beneficial for higher than for lower occupational classes.
Entities:
Keywords:
Finland; Health disparities; Mental health; Socioeconomic status; Time trends
Authors: Lauri Kokkinen; Carles Muntaner; Anne Kouvonen; Aki Koskinen; Pekka Varje; Ari Väänänen Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2015-06-03 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Anne Kouvonen; Aki Koskinen; Pekka Varje; Lauri Kokkinen; Roberto De Vogli; Ari Väänänen Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-11-07 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Reija Paananen; Päivi Santalahti; Marko Merikukka; Antti Rämö; Kristian Wahlbeck; Mika Gissler Journal: Eur J Public Health Date: 2012-10-23 Impact factor: 3.367