Insight of nitric oxide signaling: A potential biomarker with multifaceted complex mechanism in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC) is the most important health concerns throughout the World as the tumour cells rapidly spread and abruptly grow in colon and rectum to further organs. Several etiological factors are associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. During invasion and proliferation of tumour cells, various mechanistic molecular pathways are involved in the cells. Nitric Oxide pathway (NO) is one of the important cellular mechanisms associated with tumour cells initiation, invasion and progression. Epidemiological evidences suggest that NO has potential role in development of cancer. The multidisciplinary action of NO on the initiation of cancer depends on several factors including cell type, metastasis stage, and organs involved. This review emphasizes the biological significance of NO in each step of cancer metastasis, its controversial effects for carcinogenesis including initiation, invasion and progression.