Dashan Ai1,2, Hanting Zhu1,2, Wenjia Ren1,2, Yun Chen1,2, Qi Liu1,2, Jiaying Deng1,2, Jinjun Ye3, Jianhong Fan4, Kuaile Zhao1,2. 1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China. 2. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. 3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu province cancer hospital, Nanjing 210009, China. 4. Department of Gynecology, Renhe hospital, Baoshan district, Shanghai 200431, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. The prognosis of esophageal cancer patients is dismal, especially those with distant organ metastasis. However, there are few studies describing the patterns of distant metastasis in esophageal cancer systematically. METHODS: We gathered the data from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2013. Categorical variables were analyzed by the Pearson Chi square test, and continuous variables were analyzed by the two-sample t test. Survival estimation and comparison among different variables were performed using Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for sex, age, anatomical site, and histological type on specific metastases. Proportional hazards regression model was conducted to obtain adjusted hazard ratio (HRs) for different predictors of overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 9,934 patients were eligible. Liver was the most common metastatic site in the patients of esophageal cancer and followed by lung, bone and brain. Some clinical features, including age, sex, histology type and histologic grade were independent risk factors for different sites of metastasis. Younger age, poorer differentiation, adenoma type and more metastatic sites might lead to poorer prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed the patterns of metastasis in esophageal cancer, which could help clinicians to identify patients with metastasis and provide proper treatment.
BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. The prognosis of esophageal cancer patients is dismal, especially those with distant organ metastasis. However, there are few studies describing the patterns of distant metastasis in esophageal cancer systematically. METHODS: We gathered the data from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2013. Categorical variables were analyzed by the Pearson Chi square test, and continuous variables were analyzed by the two-sample t test. Survival estimation and comparison among different variables were performed using Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for sex, age, anatomical site, and histological type on specific metastases. Proportional hazards regression model was conducted to obtain adjusted hazard ratio (HRs) for different predictors of overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 9,934 patients were eligible. Liver was the most common metastatic site in the patients of esophageal cancer and followed by lung, bone and brain. Some clinical features, including age, sex, histology type and histologic grade were independent risk factors for different sites of metastasis. Younger age, poorer differentiation, adenoma type and more metastatic sites might lead to poorer prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed the patterns of metastasis in esophageal cancer, which could help clinicians to identify patients with metastasis and provide proper treatment.
Entities:
Keywords:
Esophageal cancer; Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program; metastatic pattern
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