Henriette T Horsdal1,2, Theresa Wimberley1,2, Ole Köhler-Forsberg2,3, Lone Baandrup4, Christiane Gasse1,2,5. 1. National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. 2. iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark. 3. Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark. 4. Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark. 5. Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Abstract
AIM: Several factors such as age, gender, urbanicity and clinical treatment setting have been associated with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). We examined the association between the Global Assessment of Functioning (social Functioning [GAF-F]) score at first schizophrenia diagnosis and TRS and explored whether level of functioning could partially explain the known associations. METHODS: A nationwide population-based cohort study among individuals, who had a GAF-F score at first schizophrenia diagnosis. We used adjusted Cox regression analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS: Among 3252 individuals, severe functional impairment (GAF-F ≤ 30) was associated with TRS within 2 years after diagnosis (adjusted HR = 1.38 [95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.87). GAF-F had virtually no impact on the associations between investigated known risk factors and TRS. CONCLUSIONS: GAF-F was independently associated with TRS. Consideration of a global functioning score may help clinicians to detect treatment resistance earlier among individuals with schizophrenia.
AIM: Several factors such as age, gender, urbanicity and clinical treatment setting have been associated with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). We examined the association between the Global Assessment of Functioning (social Functioning [GAF-F]) score at first schizophrenia diagnosis and TRS and explored whether level of functioning could partially explain the known associations. METHODS: A nationwide population-based cohort study among individuals, who had a GAF-F score at first schizophrenia diagnosis. We used adjusted Cox regression analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS: Among 3252 individuals, severe functional impairment (GAF-F ≤ 30) was associated with TRS within 2 years after diagnosis (adjusted HR = 1.38 [95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.87). GAF-F had virtually no impact on the associations between investigated known risk factors and TRS. CONCLUSIONS: GAF-F was independently associated with TRS. Consideration of a global functioning score may help clinicians to detect treatment resistance earlier among individuals with schizophrenia.
Authors: Kara Dempster; Peter Jeon; Michael MacKinley; Peter Williamson; Jean Théberge; Lena Palaniyappan Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2020-03-24 Impact factor: 15.992