Ken Okazaki1, Kenzo Tsuzuki2, Kengo Hashimoto1, Hiroki Nishikawa3, Hironori Takebayashi4, Hideki Oka5, Yusuke Kojima5, Yoriko Yukitatsu6, Yasuo Mishiro1, Masafumi Sakagami1. 1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan. 2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan. kenzo@hyo-med.ac.jp. 3. Center for Clinical Research and Education, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan. 4. Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka Minato Central Hospital, 1-8-30, Chikko Minato-ku, Osaka, 552-0021, Osaka, Japan. 5. Department of Otolaryngology, Takarazuka City Hospital, 4-5-1, Kohama, Takarazuka, 665-0827, Hyogo, Japan. 6. Department of Otolaryngology, Hyogo Prefectural Awaji Medical Center, 1-1-137, Shioya, Sumoto, 656-0021, Hyogo, Japan.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The primary aim of the current study was to examine the usefulness of our proposed olfactory scoring system in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with olfactory disorders (n = 213) receiving endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analyzed patients were divided into two groups: an eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) group (n = 153); and a non-ECRS group (n = 60). The T&T recognition threshold test was used to evaluate olfaction at baseline and at 3 and 12 months after ESS. Patients with mean recognition threshold < 2.0 at 3 or 12 months or with a decrease of ≥ 1.0 as compared with baseline were defined as showing clinical improvement. We scored mucosal conditions as normal (0 points), edema (1 point), and polyp (2 points) at the canopy of olfactory cleft (OC), middle and superior turbinates, superior nasal meatus, and sphenoethmoidal recess during ESS. The total score of OCs (SOCs) was calculated (range 0-20 points). We compared SOCs between ECRS and non-ECRS groups. Factors related to olfactory improvement were also investigated using uni- and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: SOCs in the ECRS and non-ECRS groups showed significant correlations with mean recognition thresholds at baseline and at 3 and 12 months. In the multivariate analysis for predicting improvement of mean recognition threshold, lower SOCs were significantly associated with olfactory improvement factors at 3 and 12 months postoperatively in the ECRS group. CONCLUSION: SOCs appears promising for estimating olfactory prognosis after ESS in CRS patients.
INTRODUCTION: The primary aim of the current study was to examine the usefulness of our proposed olfactory scoring system in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with olfactory disorders (n = 213) receiving endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analyzed patients were divided into two groups: an eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) group (n = 153); and a non-ECRS group (n = 60). The T&T recognition threshold test was used to evaluate olfaction at baseline and at 3 and 12 months after ESS. Patients with mean recognition threshold < 2.0 at 3 or 12 months or with a decrease of ≥ 1.0 as compared with baseline were defined as showing clinical improvement. We scored mucosal conditions as normal (0 points), edema (1 point), and polyp (2 points) at the canopy of olfactory cleft (OC), middle and superior turbinates, superior nasal meatus, and sphenoethmoidal recess during ESS. The total score of OCs (SOCs) was calculated (range 0-20 points). We compared SOCs between ECRS and non-ECRS groups. Factors related to olfactory improvement were also investigated using uni- and multivariate analyses. RESULTS:SOCs in the ECRS and non-ECRS groups showed significant correlations with mean recognition thresholds at baseline and at 3 and 12 months. In the multivariate analysis for predicting improvement of mean recognition threshold, lower SOCs were significantly associated with olfactory improvement factors at 3 and 12 months postoperatively in the ECRS group. CONCLUSION:SOCs appears promising for estimating olfactory prognosis after ESS in CRSpatients.
Authors: Timothy L Smith; Sabrina Mendolia-Loffredo; Todd A Loehrl; Rodney Sparapani; Purushottam W Laud; Ann B Nattinger Journal: Laryngoscope Date: 2005-12 Impact factor: 3.325
Authors: John F Pallanch; Lifeng Yu; David Delone; Rich Robb; David R Holmes; Jon Camp; Phil Edwards; Cynthia H McCollough; Jens Ponikau; Amy C Dearking; John Lane; Andrew Primak; Aaron Shinkle; John Hagan; Evangelo Frigas; Joseph J Ocel; Nicole Tombers; Rizwan Siwani; Nicholas M Orme; Kurtis B Reed; Nivedita Jerath; Robinder Dhillon; Hirohito Kita Journal: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol Date: 2013-09-17 Impact factor: 3.858
Authors: Claus Bachert; Ruby Pawankar; Luo Zhang; Chaweewan Bunnag; Wytske J Fokkens; Daniel L Hamilos; Orathai Jirapongsananuruk; Robert Kern; Eli O Meltzer; Joaquim Mullol; Robert Naclerio; Renata Pilan; Chae-Seo Rhee; Harumi Suzaki; Richard Voegels; Michael Blaiss Journal: World Allergy Organ J Date: 2014-10-27 Impact factor: 4.084