Genipin alleviates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice via miR-142a-5p/SREBP-1c axis.

Hyperlipidemia is a chronic disorder which plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Genipin (GNP) is a metabolite from genipioside, which is an active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, and has been recognized as a beneficial compound against metabolic disorders. However, whether it can correct overnutrition-induced dyslipidemia is still unknown. In this study, the effects of GNP on attenuating hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation were investigated using normal and obese mice induced with a high-fat diet (HFD) and primary hepatocytes treated with free fatty acids. We also sought to identify potential targets of GNP to mediate its effects in the liver. We found that obese mice treated with GNP showed a decrease in the body weight, serum lipid levels, as well as hepatic lipid accumulation. Besides, GNP regulated hepatic expression levels of lipid metabolic genes, which are important in maintaining systemic lipid homeostasis. At the molecular level, GNP increased the expression levels of miR-142a-5p, which bound to 3' untranslated region of Srebp-1c, an important regulator of lipogenesis, which thus led to the inhibition of lipogenesis. Collectively, our data demonstrated that GNP effectively antagonized HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. Such effects were achieved by regulating miR-142a-5p/SREBP-1c axis.