E Cosker1, T Schwitzer2, N Ramoz3, F Ligier4, L Lalanne5, P Gorwood6, R Schwan7, V Laprévote8. 1. Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou F-54520, France. 2. Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou F-54520, France; EA 7298, INGRES, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-, Nancy F-54000, France. 3. UMR-S 894, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. 4. Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou F-54520, France; Université de Lorraine, Université Paris Descartes, EA 4360, APEMAC, Nancy, France. 5. Department of Psychiatry, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. 6. UMR-S 894, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne (CMME), Paris, France. 7. Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou F-54520, France; EA 7298, INGRES, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-, Nancy F-54000, France; CHU Nancy, Maison des Addictions, Nancy F-54000, France; Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France. 8. Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou F-54520, France; EA 7298, INGRES, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-, Nancy F-54000, France; CHU Nancy, Maison des Addictions, Nancy F-54000, France. Electronic address: v.laprevote@chu-nancy.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cannabis is one of the most widely-used drugs in industrialized countries. It is now well established that cannabis use impacts neurocognition. In the intoxication period time episodic memory, working memory and attention are impacted and impulsivity is increased. The long-term effects of cannabis use tend to be similar. Various internal factors, such as sex differences, modulate this impact. It is unclear whether genetic variations can also influence the impact of cannabis on neurocognition. We set out to examine the impact of genetic variations on neurocognition in cannabis users. METHOD: We conducted a search via the PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases to identify studies measuring neurocognition and assessing genotypes in the context of cannabis use. RESULTS: We included 13 articles. We found that working memory, verbal and visual memory and sustained attention are more impacted during intoxication in subjects with the Val COMT allele. COMT gene could also modulate sustained attention in regular use. The CNR1, AKT1, DBH and 5-HTT/SLC6A4 genes may also modulate effects. CONCLUSION: Most of these genes are linked to schizophrenia. A fuller understanding of their impact on the effects of cannabis on neurocognition would thus help elucidate the mechanisms linking cannabis and psychosis. However, evidence is still scant, and more research is needed.
BACKGROUND: Cannabis is one of the most widely-used drugs in industrialized countries. It is now well established that cannabis use impacts neurocognition. In the intoxication period time episodic memory, working memory and attention are impacted and impulsivity is increased. The long-term effects of cannabis use tend to be similar. Various internal factors, such as sex differences, modulate this impact. It is unclear whether genetic variations can also influence the impact of cannabis on neurocognition. We set out to examine the impact of genetic variations on neurocognition in cannabis users. METHOD: We conducted a search via the PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases to identify studies measuring neurocognition and assessing genotypes in the context of cannabis use. RESULTS: We included 13 articles. We found that working memory, verbal and visual memory and sustained attention are more impacted during intoxication in subjects with the Val COMT allele. COMT gene could also modulate sustained attention in regular use. The CNR1, AKT1, DBH and 5-HTT/SLC6A4 genes may also modulate effects. CONCLUSION: Most of these genes are linked to schizophrenia. A fuller understanding of their impact on the effects of cannabis on neurocognition would thus help elucidate the mechanisms linking cannabis and psychosis. However, evidence is still scant, and more research is needed.
Authors: Ivan Urits; Karina Charipova; Kyle Gress; Nathan Li; Amnon A Berger; Elyse M Cornett; Hisham Kassem; Anh L Ngo; Alan D Kaye; Omar Viswanath Journal: Psychopharmacol Bull Date: 2021-01-12
Authors: Tory R Spindle; Edward J Cone; Nicolas J Schlienz; John M Mitchell; George E Bigelow; Ronald Flegel; Eugene Hayes; Ryan Vandrey Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2018-11-02