Christopher K Fairley1,2, Lei Zhang1,2,3, Eric P F Chow1,2. 1. Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health. 2. Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences. 3. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The rate of gonorrhoea is rising and is much higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) than heterosexuals. The purpose of this review was to describe research supporting a new paradigm of transmission of gonorrhoea in MSM and interventions that may result from this. RECENT FINDINGS: Evidence is accumulating that gonorrhoea in MSM is transmitted differently than previously thought and that asymptomatic sites of infection may play a major role in the persistent of gonorrhoea at a population level. Saliva commonly contains gonorrhoea, and saliva is commonly used during sexual acts. Both in-vitro, in-vivo studies have suggested that antibacterial mouthwash may reduce gonorrhoea at the oropharynx. A recently published mathematical model also suggests that if mouthwash were effective, it would result in considerable declines in the community prevalence in MSM. SUMMARY: A newly suggested paradigm for the transmission of gonorrhoea in MSM could potentially offer a simple condom-free control strategy. But considerable more research is required before it could be recommended even if it were shown to be effective in a clinical trial.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The rate of gonorrhoea is rising and is much higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) than heterosexuals. The purpose of this review was to describe research supporting a new paradigm of transmission of gonorrhoea in MSM and interventions that may result from this. RECENT FINDINGS: Evidence is accumulating that gonorrhoea in MSM is transmitted differently than previously thought and that asymptomatic sites of infection may play a major role in the persistent of gonorrhoea at a population level. Saliva commonly contains gonorrhoea, and saliva is commonly used during sexual acts. Both in-vitro, in-vivo studies have suggested that antibacterial mouthwash may reduce gonorrhoea at the oropharynx. A recently published mathematical model also suggests that if mouthwash were effective, it would result in considerable declines in the community prevalence in MSM. SUMMARY: A newly suggested paradigm for the transmission of gonorrhoea in MSM could potentially offer a simple condom-free control strategy. But considerable more research is required before it could be recommended even if it were shown to be effective in a clinical trial.
Authors: Eric P F Chow; Kate Maddaford; Jane S Hocking; Catriona S Bradshaw; Rebecca Wigan; Marcus Y Chen; Benjamin P Howden; Deborah A Williamson; Christopher K Fairley Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2020-11-09 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Tiffany R Phillips; Christopher K Fairley; Catriona S Bradshaw; Marjan Tabesh; Kate Maddaford; Jane S Hocking; Eric Pf Chow Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-01-08 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Deborah A Williamson; Eric P F Chow; Erica L Plummer; Kate Maddaford; Gerald L Murray; Christopher K Fairley; Shivani Pasricha; Andre Mu; Catriona S Bradshaw Journal: Microbiol Spectr Date: 2022-01-12
Authors: Xianglong Xu; Eric P F Chow; Mingwang Shen; Zhuoru Zou; Chongjian Wang; Jason J Ong; Christopher K Fairley; Lei Zhang Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-10-07 Impact factor: 3.006
Authors: Zack Saud; Victoria J Tyrrell; Andreas Zaragkoulias; Majd B Protty; Evelina Statkute; Anzelika Rubina; Kirsten Bentley; Daniel A White; Patricia Dos Santos Rodrigues; Robert C Murphy; Harald Köfeler; William J Griffiths; Jorge Alvarez-Jarreta; Richard William Brown; Robert G Newcombe; James Heyman; Manon Pritchard; Robert Wj Mcleod; Arvind Arya; Ceri-Ann Lynch; David Owens; P Vince Jenkins; Niklaas J Buurma; Valerie B O'Donnell; David W Thomas; Richard J Stanton Journal: J Lipid Res Date: 2022-04-15 Impact factor: 6.676
Authors: Tiffany Renee Phillips; Christopher Fairley; Kate Maddaford; Sabrina Trumpour; Rebecca Wigan; Catriona Bradshaw; Jane S Hocking; Eric P F Chow Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2020-09-29 Impact factor: 2.692