Amadou Diop1, Aliou Thiongane2, Jason M Mwenda3, Negar Aliabadi4, Mouhamadou A Sonko5, Aliou Diallo6, Babacar Ndoye7, Papa M Faye2, Idrissa D Ba2, Umesh D Parashar4, Jacqueline E Tate4, Ousmane Ndiaye2, Moussa F Cissé5, Mamadou Ba2. 1. Bacteriology and Virology Laboratory, Albert Royer Teaching Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. Electronic address: amadoudioplaba@yahoo.fr. 2. Paediatric Unit, Albert Royer Teaching Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. 3. World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, People's Republic of Congo. 4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, USA. 5. Bacteriology and Virology Laboratory, Albert Royer Teaching Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. 6. Expanded Programme on Immunization Focal Point, World Health Organization Country Office, Dakar, Senegal. 7. Expanded Programme on Immunization, Ministry of Health, Dakar, Senegal.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children <5 years of age in developing countries, with rotavirus being the most common infectious etiology. In November 2014, monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Senegal. We determined the impact of rotavirus vaccine on hospitalizations for all-cause and rotavirus related AGE in children <60 months of age. METHODS: We examined two data sources from the national referral hospital. Using sentinel surveillance data from March 2011 to February 2017, we examined the proportion of AGE hospitalizations among children <60 months of age attributable to rotavirus, stratified by age groups (0-11, 12-23 and 24-59 months). Using pediatric logbook data from March 2010 to February 2017, we examined the proportion of all childhood hospitalizations attributable to AGE, among the same age groups. RESULTS: In sentinel surveillance, 673 patients <60 months were hospitalized for AGE, with 30% (203/673) due to rotavirus. In pre-vaccine years, the median proportion of rotavirus-positive hospitalizations was 42%; this proportion declined by 76% to 10% rotavirus positive in 2015-2016 (p < .001) and by 59% to 17% in 2016-2017 (p < .001). From the logbook data, among all children <60 months, a median of 11% of all hospitalizations in the pre-vaccine period were due to AGE, with 2015-2016 seeing a 16% decline (p < .001), to 9% of all hospitalizations, and 2016-2017 seeing a 39% decline (p < .001), to 7% of all hospitalizations. Declines in both rotavirus-associated and all-cause AGE hospitalizations were most marked among infants, with a suggestion of herd effect among older children seen in the surveillance data. CONCLUSION: Rotavirus vaccine demonstrated a significant impact on rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and all-cause AGE hospitalizations in the first two seasons after vaccine introduction in Senegal. Our data support the continued use of this vaccine in national immunization program.
BACKGROUND: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children <5 years of age in developing countries, with rotavirus being the most common infectious etiology. In November 2014, monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Senegal. We determined the impact of rotavirus vaccine on hospitalizations for all-cause and rotavirus related AGE in children <60 months of age. METHODS: We examined two data sources from the national referral hospital. Using sentinel surveillance data from March 2011 to February 2017, we examined the proportion of AGE hospitalizations among children <60 months of age attributable to rotavirus, stratified by age groups (0-11, 12-23 and 24-59 months). Using pediatric logbook data from March 2010 to February 2017, we examined the proportion of all childhood hospitalizations attributable to AGE, among the same age groups. RESULTS: In sentinel surveillance, 673 patients <60 months were hospitalized for AGE, with 30% (203/673) due to rotavirus. In pre-vaccine years, the median proportion of rotavirus-positive hospitalizations was 42%; this proportion declined by 76% to 10% rotavirus positive in 2015-2016 (p < .001) and by 59% to 17% in 2016-2017 (p < .001). From the logbook data, among all children <60 months, a median of 11% of all hospitalizations in the pre-vaccine period were due to AGE, with 2015-2016 seeing a 16% decline (p < .001), to 9% of all hospitalizations, and 2016-2017 seeing a 39% decline (p < .001), to 7% of all hospitalizations. Declines in both rotavirus-associated and all-cause AGE hospitalizations were most marked among infants, with a suggestion of herd effect among older children seen in the surveillance data. CONCLUSION: Rotavirus vaccine demonstrated a significant impact on rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and all-cause AGE hospitalizations in the first two seasons after vaccine introduction in Senegal. Our data support the continued use of this vaccine in national immunization program.
Authors: Leslie A Enane; Paul A Gastañaduy; David M Goldfarb; Jeffrey M Pernica; Margaret Mokomane; Banno Moorad; Lingani Masole; Jacqueline E Tate; Umesh D Parashar; Andrew P Steenhoff Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-05-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Margaret K Doll; David L Buckeridge; Kathryn T Morrison; Arnaud Gagneur; Bruce Tapiero; Hugues Charest; Caroline Quach Journal: Vaccine Date: 2015-11-03 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Fidele Ngabo; Jacqueline E Tate; Maurice Gatera; Celse Rugambwa; Philippe Donnen; Philippe Lepage; Jason M Mwenda; Agnes Binagwaho; Umesh D Parashar Journal: Lancet Glob Health Date: 2016-02 Impact factor: 26.763
Authors: Evans M Mpabalwani; Chibumbya J Simwaka; Jason M Mwenda; Cynthia P Mubanga; Mwaka Monze; Belem Matapo; Umesh D Parashar; Jacqueline E Tate Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-05-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: George Armah; Kimberly Pringle; Christabel C Enweronu-Laryea; Daniel Ansong; Jason M Mwenda; Stanley K Diamenu; Clement Narh; Belinda Lartey; Fred Binka; Scott Grytdal; Manish Patel; Umesh Parashar; Ben Lopman Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-05-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Anna Lena Lopez; Jedas Veronica Daag; Joel Esparagoza; Joseph Bonifacio; Kimberley Fox; Batmunkh Nyambat; Umesh D Parashar; Maria Joyce Ducusin; Jacqueline E Tate Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2018-09-24 Impact factor: 4.379