Kinnow peel extract as a reducing and capping agent for the fabrication of silver NPs and their biological applications.

An effective approach used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through green chemistry by using Kinnow peel extract as a reducing and capping agent is presented. Two different approaches, diluted and concentrated peel extracts, were used for the synthesis of AgNPs. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy exhibits characteristic absorption peaks at 425 and 400 nm for nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised by diluted and concentrated extracts, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analysis of nanofabricated silver exhibited a pure face centred cubic structure of 27.4 and 18.1 nm sizes calculated by using Scherrer equation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a uniform morphology of synthesised NPs. Significant antioxidant, phytochemical and antibacterial assays show that both AgNPs can be effectively used in biomedical applications. Furthermore, the use of citrus peel for the synthesis of NPs can be an effective tool in waste management.