Yongsheng Chen1, Saifeng Liu2, Sagar Buch3, Jiani Hu4, Yan Kang5, E Mark Haacke6. 1. Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. 2. The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Detroit, MI, USA. 3. The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 4. The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. 5. Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China. 6. Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: nmrimaging@aol.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To image the entire vasculature of the brain with complete suppression of signal from background tissue using a single 3D excitation interleaved rephased/dephased multi-echo gradient echo sequence. This ensures no loss of signal from fast flow and provides co-registered susceptibility weighted images (SWI) and quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM) from the same scan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The suppression of background tissue was accomplished by subtracting the flow-dephased images from the flow-rephased images with the same echo time of 12.5ms to generate a magnetic resonance angiogram and venogram (MRAV). Further, a 2.5ms flow-compensated echo was added in the rephased portion to provide sufficient signal for major arteries with fast flow. The QSM data from the rephased 12.5ms echo was used to suppress veins on the MRAV to generate an artery-only MRA. The proposed approach was tested on five healthy volunteers at 3T. RESULTS: This three-echo interleaved GRE sequence provided complete background suppression of stationary tissues, while the short echo data gave high signal in the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries (MCA). The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the arteries was significantly improved in the M3 territory of the MCA compared to the non-linear subtraction MRA and TOF-MRA. Veins were suppressed successfully utilizing the QSM data. CONCLUSION: The background tissue can be properly suppressed using the proposed interleaved MRAV sequence. One can obtain whole brain MRAV, MRA, SWI, true-SWI (or tSWI) and QSM data simultaneously from a single scan. Published by Elsevier Inc.
PURPOSE: To image the entire vasculature of the brain with complete suppression of signal from background tissue using a single 3D excitation interleaved rephased/dephased multi-echo gradient echo sequence. This ensures no loss of signal from fast flow and provides co-registered susceptibility weighted images (SWI) and quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM) from the same scan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The suppression of background tissue was accomplished by subtracting the flow-dephased images from the flow-rephased images with the same echo time of 12.5ms to generate a magnetic resonance angiogram and venogram (MRAV). Further, a 2.5ms flow-compensated echo was added in the rephased portion to provide sufficient signal for major arteries with fast flow. The QSM data from the rephased 12.5ms echo was used to suppress veins on the MRAV to generate an artery-only MRA. The proposed approach was tested on five healthy volunteers at 3T. RESULTS: This three-echo interleaved GRE sequence provided complete background suppression of stationary tissues, while the short echo data gave high signal in the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries (MCA). The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the arteries was significantly improved in the M3 territory of the MCA compared to the non-linear subtraction MRA and TOF-MRA. Veins were suppressed successfully utilizing the QSM data. CONCLUSION: The background tissue can be properly suppressed using the proposed interleaved MRAV sequence. One can obtain whole brain MRAV, MRA, SWI, true-SWI (or tSWI) and QSM data simultaneously from a single scan. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Entities:
Keywords:
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA); Magnetic resonance angiography and venography (MRAV); Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM); Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)
Authors: Alice Pirastru; Yongsheng Chen; Laura Pelizzari; Francesca Baglio; Mario Clerici; E Mark Haacke; Maria Marcella Laganà Journal: Eur Radiol Date: 2021-01-06 Impact factor: 5.315
Authors: Brenda L Bartnik-Olson; Arlin B Blood; Michael H Terry; Shawn Fl Hanson; Christopher Day; Daniel Kido; Paggie Kim Journal: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Date: 2021-12-08 Impact factor: 6.960